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nervous system
nerves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| synapse | is the point of contact between two neurons. |
| neurotransmitter | A chemical that transmits energy across a synapse; |
| nerve | Individual neuron fibers are held together in bundles like wires in a cable that are part of the PNS |
| ganglion. | A collection of cell bodies along the pathway of a nerve |
| myelin | A whitish, fatty substance that surrounds certain axons of the nervous system |
| white matter | can regenerate Myelinated tissue of the nervous system |
| gray matter | no regeneration Unmyelinated tissue of the nervous system |
| brain | nervous tissue contained within the cranium |
| cerebrum | The large upper portion of the brain; it is divided into two hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure |
| diencephalon | The part of the brain that consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata |
| cerebellum | The posterior portion of the brain dorsal to the pons and medulla |
| helps to coordinate movement and to maintain balance and posture | cerebellum |
| cerebral cortex | The cerebrum’s thin surface layer of gray matter |
| sulcus | A shallow furrow or groove, as on the surface of the cerebrum |
| gyrus | A raised convolution of the surface of the cerebrum |
| thalamus | The part of the brain that receives all sensory impulses, except those for the sense of smell, |
| hypothalamus | A portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, produces hormones, and is active in maintaining homeostasis |
| Midbrain | which contains reflex centers for improved vision and hearing |
| Pons | a bulge on the anterior surface of the brainstem. |
| medulla oblongata | The portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord |
| ventricle | A small cavity |
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | The watery fluid that circulates in and around the brain and spinal cord for protection |
| meninges | Covering the brain and the spinal cord are three protective layers, together |
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