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Government
Chapter 2 Forms of Government
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| monarchy | Form of government in which supreme (but not sole) authority is invested in a single person (such as a queen or king) |
| monarch | Leader of a monarchy who usually inherits the position and rules for life |
| constitutional monarchies | Form of monarchy in which a democratically elected parliament operates the government and the monarch in a ceremonial head of state |
| dynasty | A monarchy with hereditary succession |
| absolute monarchs | Monarchs that hold unlimited power |
| dictatorship | Form of authoritative government which acts without the peoples consent or input |
| totalitarianism | Government rules by an elite class (such as military, the wealthy, or powerful family)that wields absolute power, often seeking to control every aspect of the people's lives. |
| autocracy | Form of government in which one person rules with supreme authority, a dictatorship |
| oligarchy | Form of dictatorial government rule by an elite group that is sometimes self-appointed and divides the governmental departments among its members. |
| anarchy | Absence of government |
| popular government | System of government in which power resides with the people, rather than with a monarchy or an elite group |
| direct democracy | Form of government in which the people directly affect a government's policies and actions through voting |
| republic | State in which the supreme power rests in the people or their representatives |
| unitary system | Authority given by the people to one centralized level of government that then creates other levels of government to help administer the law |
| federalism | Division of governmental power into 2 or more levels, usually national and state governments, which exert authority over the people |
| confederate government | System in which regional government retain supremacy while delegating a few tasks to the national govt |
| presidential system | Government that holds executive and legislative branches both separate and equal; the people elect the head of the executive branch independently of the legislative branch |
| parliamentary system | Government with inseparably linked legislative and executive branches; candidate whose party wins the most votes in a distract becomes that district's representatives in Parliament, the majority party of Parliament |
| delegated powers | Powers specifically assigned to the national government by the Constitution, which define limits of the governments authority |
| Congress | Legislative brans of the US federal govt, made House of Representatives and Senate |
| House of Representatives | Lower house in Congress, representation based on state population |
| Senate | Upper house in Congress, equal representation for each state ( 2 senators) |
| President | Chief executive officer and head of the executive branch of the US |
| Supreme Court | Highest court in the US, responsible for interpreting the law |
| democracy | Form of govt in which the people participate and have a voice in how they should be ruled |
| Magna Carta | List of demands King John of England was forces to sign, it restored the feudal rights of English barons |
| due process | Certain rules that the government must follow by which a person cannot be imprisoned, have his property taken away, or be sentenced to death without a fair and proper trial. |
| English Bill of Rights | Document signed by William and Mary in 1689, limited the monarchy's power and asserting the people's rights |
| Bill of Rights | 1st ten amendments of the Constitution to protect citizen's rights |
| Electoral College | System in place to indirectly elect the US president. Each state has a number of electors equal to that state's representation in Congress |
| majority rule | Principal of government asserting that a numerical majority of the electorate can make decisions that bind the entire electorate |
| popular majority | The majority of all citizens or at least the majority of all voters who participate in the government through free elections. |
| representative majority | Majority of elected officials, such as members of Congress |
| pluralistic society | Society of diverse religious, ethnic, and political groups with differing opinions and coexisting ideas |
| equality | A democratic principal characterized by equal justice and an equal right to vote |
| civic thinking | Having an understanding of the political ideas and institutions that shape America's government, an appreciation for America's heritage, and an ability to evaluate current issues and national direction |
Created by:
winninghamp
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