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Week 12 Anatomy
Chapter 35 Respiratory Tract
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the generalized functions of the respiratory system? | Gas exchange, air filtration, sound production, smell (olfaction), and pH balance regulation. |
| What organs make up the respiratory system? | Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, alveoli. |
| What are the specialized functions of the nose? | Filters, warms, and moistens incoming air; detects odors; resonates sound for speech. |
| What are the three anatomical divisions of the pharynx? | Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. |
| What openings connect into or between pharynx divisions? | Nasal cavity, oral cavity, auditory tubes, larynx, esophagus. |
| What are the functions of the pharynx? | Air and food passage, warming/humidifying air, immune defense (tonsils). |
| What are the anatomical divisions of the larynx? | Supraglottis, glottis (vocal cords), subglottis. |
| What are the main cartilages of the larynx? | Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis, arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages. |
| What are the main muscles of the larynx used for? | Controlling vocal cord tension and position for sound production and breathing. |
| What is the structure and function of the trachea? | A C-shaped cartilaginous tube that transports air to the bronchi and protects the airway. |
| What are bronchi and bronchioles? | Bronchi are large air passages from trachea to lungs; bronchioles are smaller branches that lead to alveoli. |
| What are alveoli and what is their function? | Tiny air sacs in lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood. |
| How many lobes are in each lung? | Right lung has 3 lobes; left lung has 2 lobes. |
| What are bronchopulmonary segments? | Functional lung units each served by their own bronchus and artery. |
| What is the gross surface anatomy of the lungs? | : Includes apex, base, hilum, lobes, and costal/mediastinal surfaces. |
| What are the generalized functions of the lungs? | Gas exchange, filtering small blood clots, speech facilitation, and acid-base balance. |
| What is the thorax’s role in respiration? | Provides a protective, expandable framework for lung expansion during breathing. |
| What does the mediastinum contain and do? | Contains heart, trachea, esophagus; separates lungs and supports respiratory function. |
| What are some common disorders of the respiratory tract? | Asthma, bronchitis, COPD, pneumonia, lung cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema. |
Created by:
MichisMitchell
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