click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Week 11 Anatomy
Ch 33 Adaptive immunity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is adaptive immunity? | Specific defense that recognizes and remembers specific pathogens—includes T cells and B cells. |
| What triggers adaptive immunity? | Antigens—foreign molecules that the immune system recognizes as a threat. |
| What are the two types of adaptive immunity? | Cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity. |
| What are lymphocytes? | T cells and B cells—key players in adaptive immunity. |
| What is cell-mediated immunity? | Defense carried out by T cells, especially cytotoxic T cells that kill infected or abnormal cells. |
| What is antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity? | Involves B cells making antibodies that bind to and neutralize antigens. |
| What do helper T cells do? | Help activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells; they’re the “managers” of immune response. |
| What do cytotoxic T cells do? | Kill infected cells, cancer cells, and transplant cells using chemicals like perforin. |
| What do memory cells do? | Stay in the body to provide faster response if the pathogen shows up again. |
| What is active immunity? | Your body makes its own antibodies after infection or vaccination—long-lasting. |
| What is passive immunity? | You receive antibodies from another source (like a baby from mom or antibody injection)—temporary. |
| What are antibodies (immunoglobulins)? | Y-shaped proteins made by plasma B cells that bind to antigens. |
| What are the main types of antibodies? | IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD—each with different roles. |
| What is immunological memory? | The body’s ability to respond faster and stronger when it sees the same antigen again. |