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Week 11 Anatomy
Chapter 32 Inate immunity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is innate immunity? | It’s the body's first and second lines of defense that act the same way against all pathogens—nonspecific and born with it. |
| What are the two main divisions of innate immunity? | Surface barriers (first line) and internal defenses (second line). |
| What are examples of surface barriers? | Skin, mucous membranes, tears, saliva, stomach acid. |
| What are internal defenses in innate immunity? | Phagocytes, NK cells, inflammation, fever, and antimicrobial proteins. |
| What is phagocytosis? | he process where white blood cells (like macrophages and neutrophils) eat up invaders. |
| What are natural killer (NK) cells? | Special lymphocytes that kill virus-infected or cancerous cells by releasing chemicals like perforin. |
| What triggers inflammation? | Infection, trauma, or injury—body’s way of calling immune cells to the area. |
| What are the signs of inflammation? | Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and sometimes loss of function. |
| What chemical signals cause inflammation? | Histamine, cytokines, and prostaglandins. |
| How does fever help the immune system? | It slows down pathogens and boosts the activity of immune cells. |
| What are interferons? | Proteins released by virus-infected cells that warn nearby cells and activate immune responses. |
| What are complement proteins? | Group of plasma proteins that enhance immune responses—help lyse pathogens and attract phagocytes. |
Created by:
MichisMitchell
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