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Anatomy & Physiology

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QuestionAnswer
Explain the effect on a cell placed in a hypertonic solution. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, it will lose water to the environment and wither up (experience crenation).
Explain the effect on a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. Cells exposed to hypotonic solutions will swell as a result of an influx of water; these cells will likely lyse (burst).
Explain the effect on a cell placed in a isotonic solution. Cells placed in isotonic solutions will not experience a net movement of water into or out of the cell, since the solute concentration in the cell is the same as the solute concentration in the environment.
Pinocytosis is a type of __________. Endocytosis, which is an active membrane transport process. Phagocytosis (“cell eating”) and pinocytosis (“cell drinking”) are examples of different types of endocytosis.
Cells of the body mainly use __________ for the selective endocytosis of most macromolecules. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is the main mechanism for the selective endocytosis of macromolecules.
The primary site of cellular ATP production in most cells is the __________. Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
Ribosomes are found __________. in the cytosol and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Nucleolus is __________. The nucleolus is the site of ribosome subunit manufacture.
What is the function of ribosomes? Ribosomes synthesize proteins.
The _____________ modifies proteins, transports them to the Golgi apparatus and is a site of lipid and steroid synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification. Endoplasmic reticulum
Peroxisomes or lysosomes, which contains digestive enzymes? Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify substances such as hydrogen peroxide. True or False TRUE
_________ supports the cell and gives it shape. The cytoskeleton supports the cell and gives it shape.
May result in air that is not properly moistened, warmed, or filtered before reaching the lungs Swelling of adenoids.
Sinus headaches are caused by a partial vacuum in openings of the skull. True or False TRUE
The conducting zone _____________. The conducting zone secretes mucus, warms, cleanses and transports air.
Which tissue lines the trachea? Stratified squamous epithelium Simple squamous epithelium Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
___________ are the hairs within the nasal cavity that filter coarse particles, such as pollen and dust, from inspired air. Vibrissae are the hairs within the nasal cavity that filter coarse particles, such as pollen and dust, from inspired air.
Maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation Vital capacity
What movements would ventilate the alveoli? Crying, sneezing, hiccups and yawning all ventilate the lungs.
In ___(restrictive or obstructive)__ diseases, TLC, FRC, and RV may increase because the lungs hyperinflate In obstructive diseases.
In ____(restrictive or obstructive)___ diseases, VC, TLC, FRC, and RV decline because lung expansion is limited. In restrictive diseases.
IRDS Infant respiratory distress syndrome, which is the collapse of alveoli due to little surfactant.
Inflammation of the pleurae is called ________. Inflammation of the pleurae, called pleurisy, often results from pneumonia.
Asthma can result in a strong enough constriction of the bronchioles that air flow is dramatically reduced. True or False TRUE
The transpulmonary pressure is the difference between the __________ and the __________ pressure. The transpulmonary pressure is the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures (Ppul – Pip).
Pressure and volume have an inverse relationship. Boyle's law
When a mixture of gases is in contact with a liquid, each gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure Henry's law
Each gas in a mixture has a partial pressure (pp) that is proportional to the percentage of that gas in the gas mixture; therefore, if the pp of oxygen is higher in the blood than in the cells, it will diffuse from the blood into the cells. Dalton's law
Created by: tmorrow52
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