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Bidemi A
week 2 ch 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? | Mitosis produces identical cells; meiosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes. |
| What is exocytosis? | The process of releasing materials from the cell through vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane. |
| What is the difference between active and passive transport? | Active transport requires energy (ATP); passive transport does not. |
| What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? | It transports and modifies proteins made by ribosomes. |
| Which organelle is the "powerhouse" of the cell? | The mitochondrion. |
| What is the basic unit of life? | The cell. |
| What structural differences exist between smooth and rough ER, and how do these relate to their functions? | Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and synthesizes proteins, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage. |
| What happens during the interphase stage of the cell cycle? | The cell grows, performs its normal functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for mitosis. |
| Why are mitochondria often found in large numbers in muscle cells? | Muscle cells need a lot of energy for contraction, and mitochondria produce ATP, the cell’s energy source. |
| What is the main difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue? | Simple epithelium has one layer of cells, allowing for easy absorption or filtration; stratified epithelium has multiple layers, providing more protection. |
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bidemi205
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