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Civics Eoc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ancient Rome | Rule of Law |
| Enumerated Powers (delegated) | Federal Powers Ex: Coin money, declare war |
| Reserved powers | State Powers EX: licenses, est. schools, election rules |
| Concurrent Powers | Powers shared by the federal and state government EX: borrow money, make & enforce laws, tax |
| Voire Dire | Questioning potential jurors to see if they are fit to serve |
| Obligations of citizens | Things you have to do Serve of jury Selective service Pay taxes Obey laws |
| Responsibilities of citizens | Things we should do Vote Volunteer |
| Federal(ISM) | power is shared between fed and state govt. Normal octopus What we have in USA |
| Unitary | federal govt. has most of the power Octopus with big head, little arms |
| Confederal | states have all the power Octopus with big arms, little head |
| Direct democracy | People vote on every issue Ex: Ancient Greece |
| Autocracy | Govt where one person has complete power EX: dictatorship, monarchy |
| Representative Democracy | govt. where people vote for others to represent them in govt. EX: Presidential and parliamentary |
| Oligarchy | Rule by the few |
| Theocracy | Rule by religious leaders |
| Socialism | Economic/political system that redistributes wealth and govt. take control of major industries |
| Magna Carta | Established Limited Govt. , rule of law, and trial by jury |
| Mayflower Compact | Self government |
| English Bill of Rights | Basic rights for everyone |
| John Locke | Natural Rights philosopher Social contract Influenced Jefferson |
| Natural Rights | Life, liberty and property (pursuit of happiness) |
| Social Contract | People agree to form a government that will protect their natural rights |
| Montesquieu | Separation of Power Three branches |
| Separation of Power | Each major job of govt. Given to a different branch Leg: Make Laws Executive: Enforce laws Judicial: Interpret laws |
| Anti Federalist | Wanted Bill of Rights Strong state governments |
| Checks and Balances | Powers between branches overlap EX: Leg: Makes Laws Exec: Can veto law Jud: Can declare law unconstitutional |
| Rule of Law | Everyone has to follow the law Established under Magna Carta, reinforced with US v Nixon |
| Marbury v Madison | Supreme Ct Case that established Judicial Review |
| Tinker v Des Moines | Students have freedom of expression (arm band, Vietnam war) |
| Gideon v Wainwright | Everyone gets a lawyer Break in at pool hall |
| Brown v Bd of Education | Ended segregation of schools |
| Miranda v Arizona | People have to be told their rights before speaking to police |
| Tariff | Tax on imports |
| Due Process | Everyone is treated fairly in a court of law |
| 15th amendment | Right to vote given to African American men |
| 19th amendment | Women right to vote |
| 26th amendment | 18 year old right to vote |
| 14th amendment | Granted citizenship to former slaves |
| Interest groups | People who form into groups to try and get public policy made that they support EX: NRA, M.A.D.D, AARP |
| Commander in Chief | Executive Power |
| Override Vetoes | Legislative power |
| Settles disputes between states | Judicial Power |
| Approves treaties and nominations | Senate |
| Declare war | Legislative Power |
| Grants Pardons | Executive Power |
| Vetoes Bills | Executive Power |
| Proposes amendments | Legislative power (requires 2/3 vote) Then states need a ¾ vote |
| Nominates judges, appoints ambassadors | Executive power |
| Impeaches officials | Legislative power House : accuses Senate: Is the jury |
| Borrows money, pays debts, spends money | Legislative power |
| District Court | First court Where the trial happens |
| Appeals court | Looks for errors in district court No jury |
| Supreme court | Highest court Checks to see if law is constitutional (judicial review) |
| Amendment Process | 2/3 vote in congress 3/4 state approval President NOT Involved |
| Propaganda | Techniques used to try to convince people to take actions |
| Glittering Generality | Slogans/catch phrases EX: Make America Great Again |
| Domestic policy | Policies our government does that affects what goes on in the US |
| Foreign Policy | How our government interacts with other countries |
| Foreign Policy tools | Diplomacy Summits Treaties Foreign Aid Boycotts War |
| Diplomacy | The Art of conducting negotiations peacefully between countries |
| Summit | High level meeting between world leaders |
| United Nations | International organization designed to help countries and resolve conflicts peacefully Established after World War Two |
| World Health Organization (WHO) | Part on UN that helps developing countries with health related issues Vaccinations, stops outbreaks |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization Military alliance for Western Europe for protection against Soviet Aggression |
| republicans | Conservative Less taxes and less govt interference in business |
| Democrats | Liberal Higher taxes, more business regulation For environment |
| Weakness of Articles of Confederation | Could not collect taxes Only one Branch of govt (leg) |
| Cold War | 1950’s -1990’s characterized by tension between US and Soviet Union where proxy wars were used instead of direct confrontation |
| Grand Jury | Jury before the trial to see if state can proceed with the case and file charges |
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Someoneidk
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