Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 7 Vocab
Unit 7 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Astrocytes | Neuroglial cell used to connect neurons to blood vessels for nutrients |
| Somatic Nervous System | Division of the Nervous System responsible for the movement of skeletal muscles |
| Schwann Cells | Neuroglial cell that makes the myelin sheaths on neurons in the PNS |
| Ependymal Cells | 4Neuroglial cell responsible for making the membranes that surround nerves |
| Oligodendrocytes | Neuroglial cell used to make myelin sheaths in the CNS |
| Microglial Cell | Neuroglial cell used to fight infections in nerves |
| Neuron | The main cell that carries electrical impulses through the nerves |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Branch of the autonomic Nervous System used to relax parts of the body- "Rest & Digest" |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Branch of the Nervous System used to stimulate parts of the body- "Fight or Flight" |
| Autonomic Nervous System | Division of the Nervous System responsible for involuntary functions |
| Nerve Impulse | Weak electrical current that travels through neurons |
| Synapse | The space between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron |
| Neurotransmitters | Natural chemicals released by the axon terminals to get an impulse from one neuron to the next |
| Membrane Potential | The natural, slightly negative charge, of a neuron caused by the concentration gradients of potassium and sodium |
| Depolarization | Phase in the action potential cycle where sodium channels open, leading to sodium entering the neuron and making the neuron +30mV |
| Voltage-Gated Channels | Transport proteins used to move a single ion into/out of a cell. Will open with just the energy of an impulse. |
| Sodium-Potassium Pumps | Transport proteins used to move multiple ions into/out of a cell. Needs ATP in order to function. |
| Refractory Period | Phase in the action potential cycle where sodium-potassium pump are stimulated to restore the concentration gradients needed for the next impulse. |
| Resting Potential | Phase in the action potential cycle where all transport proteins are closed, concentration gradients exist for both potassium and sodium, and the cell is -70mV of charge. |
| Brain Stem | Part of the brain responsible for basic involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate. (Contains the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata) |
| Midbrain | Part of the brain stem responsible for eye movements and processing visual & auditory information |
| Pons | Part of the brain that "bridges" the cerebellum to the motor/sensory cortex. It helps coordinates movements. |
| Medulla Oblongata | Part of the brain stem responsible for heart rate, respiration, and blood vessel dilation/constriction |
| Diencephalon | Deep portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum to the brain stem |
| Thalamus | Section of the diencephalon that acts as a sensory relay station (except for smell) |
| Hypothalamus | Section of the diencephalon that maintains bodily homeostasis by controlling the autonomic Nervous System and hormone production |
| Pituitary Gland | Gland found in the diencephalon that controls most hormone releasing glands in the body |
| Cerebellum | Part of the brain that is responsible for our "Muscle Memory" and helps in muscles coordination |
| Cerebrum | Largest part of the brain. Site of integration for the entire nervous system. |
| Frontal Lobe | Section of the cerebrum responsible for many jobs including: thinking, planning, organization, personality, and emotional control. |
| Parietal Lobe | Section of the cerebrum that receives most sensory information and interprets it |
| Temporal Lobe | Section of the cerebrum responsible for the processing of auditory & olfactory information and the development of memories |
| Occipital Lobe | Section of the cerebrum responsible for processing visual information |
| Proprioreceptors | Specialized receptors near moving body parts that senses the position of such parts |
| Chemoreceptors | Specialized receptors that sense chemicals, used for smell and taste |
| Osmoreceptors | Specialized receptors used to detect dissolved solutes in body fluids |
| Thermoreceptors | Specialized receptors used to detect temperature |
| Mechanoreceptors | Specialized receptors used to detect pressure, vibrations, and body position |
| Nocireceptors | Specialized receptors to detect pain |
| Visceral Pain | Pain of internal organs |
| Referred Pain | Pain that is felt in a part of the body that is not injured |
| Acute Pain | Short-term pain that originates from superficial layers of the body (skin) |
| Chronic Pain | Long term, dull/aching pains |
| Static Equilibrium | The ability to maintain stability and posture |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | The ability to maintain balance when the body quickly changes positions |
| Cornea | Clear outermost layer of the eye that allows light to enter the eye but protects inner layers |
| Sclera | The "White" of the eye. Does not play a role in vision, but supports the eye with its blood vessels and provides an anchor for muscles to move the eye. |
| Pupil | The hole in the iris that allows light to be funneled to the retina |
| Iris | The colored part of the eye that controls the dilation and constriction of the pupil. |
| Lens | Clear part of the eye that focuses light onto the retina |
| Retina | The part of the eye that gathers visual information and feeds it to the optic nerve |
| Blind Spot | Created by the attachment of the optic nerve to the retina, it is a small section of your visual field you do not receive any visual input from |
| Rods | Specialized cells in the retina used to detect the intensity of light (Bright and Dim) |
| Cones | Specialized cells in the retina used to detect color |
Created by:
Minyoongi 06
Popular Anatomy sets