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Anatomy
Assignment 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antigens | macromolecules (large molecules) that induce the immune system to make certain responses. Most antigens are foreign proteins. |
| Antigenic determinants | variously shaped, small regions on the surface of an antigen molecule; a less cumbersome name is epitopes. |
| Antibodies | plasma proteins of the class called immunoglobulins. Unlike most antigens, all antibodies are native molecules—that is, they are nor-mally present in the body. |
| Combining sites | two small concave regions on the surface of an antibody molecule. combining sites have specific and unique shapes. |
| Clone | family of cells, all of which have descended from one cell |
| Complement | a group of proteins that, when activated, work together to destroy foreign cells. |
| Effector cell | a B cell or T cell that is actively producing an immune response, such as secreting antibodies (effector B cells) or directly attacking other cells (effector T cells); |
| Memory cell | a B or T cell that has been activated (no longer naïve) but is not an effector cell producing an active response; it survives for a long period in the lymph nodes. |
| Naïve | refers to a B or T cell that is inactive, meaning it has not yet been exposed to (or had an opportunity to react with) a specific antigen. |
| Mouth | oral cavity or buccal cavity. he lips, which surround the orifice of the mouth and form the anterior boundary of the oral cavity; the cheeks (side walls); the tongue and its muscles (floor); and the hard palate and soft palate (roof) |
| Lips | keep food in mouth and sense temperature and texture of food before it enters mouth. Lips needed for speech sounds. |
| Cheeks | lateral boundaries of the oral cavity. They are continuous with the lips in front and are lined by mucous membrane that is reflected onto the soft palate and the alveolar process of each jaw—forming the gingiva, or gums. |
| Hard palate | consists of portions of four bones: two maxillae and two palatine |
| Soft palate | forms a partition between the mouth and nasopharynx is fashioned of muscle arranged in the shape of an arch. |
| Tongue | is a solid mass of skeletal muscle components (intrinsic muscles) covered by a mucous membrane. |
| The four types of papillae | circumvallate, fungiform, foliate, and filiform—are all located on the sides or upper surface (dorsum) of the tongue. |
Created by:
elchavez3
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