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Anatomy Weeks 6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When an athlete injures a muscle of the hamstring group, the injury is on the: | posterior thigh |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Rectus and Femoris |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Sartorius |
| The covering of individual muscle fibers is the: | Endomysium |
| The latissimus dorsi muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | spiral |
| Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is: | dendrite, cell body, and axon. |
| Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the: | perineurium |
| The afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system: | carry feedback information to integrating centers in the brain. |
| Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? | Endoneurium |
| Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are called | nuclei |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system consist of the ________ nervous systems | sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact and the fibers have: | a myelin sheath |
| The spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord and consist of _____ pairs. | 31 |
| Which of the following is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve? | Zygomatic nerve |
| The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone is the: | dura mater |
| Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? | Most inhibit the lower motor neuron. |
| The brain has _____ major divisions. | 6 |
| The pyramids are formed in the: | medulla |
| The lumbar plexus gives rise to the _____ nerve. | femoral |
| The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus. | cervical |
| Spinal nerves are _____ fibers. | motor and sensory |
| Fluid filling the posterior segment of the eye. | vitreous humor |
| Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? | iodine |
| Pancreatic cell type that produces insulin. | beta cells |
| Class of hormones secreted during chronic stress that depress immune function. | glucocorticoids |
| Endolymph-filled structure containing receptors for hearing. | cochlear duct |
| Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA. | zona reticularis |
| Transparent mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelid. | conjunctiva |
| The basilar membrane supports the | spiral organ |
| Gustatory cells are located in all of the following areas except | on the apical surface of vallate papillae on the tongue |
| From which vessels do myocardial cells receive blood? | coronary arteries |
| The outermost layer of the larger blood vessels is the tunica | adventitia. |
| Renal veins drain blood from the | kidneys |
| The normal ECG is composed of all of the following except a | E wave. |
| The _____ is(are) supplied with blood from the left subclavian artery. | head and upper extremities |
| The _____ drains much of the superficial leg and foot. | great saphenous vein |
| Atria are often called _____ because they receive blood from vessels called veins. | receiving chambers |
| Which mature cell has no nucleus, mitochondria, or ribosomes? | Platelet |
| Which types of arteries are also called conducting arteries and include the aorta? | elastic arteries |
| The heart has its own special covering, a loose-fitting inextensible sac called the | pericardium |
| The cisterna chyli: | originates in the thoracic duct. |
| An infection in the thumb may result in enlargement of the _____ nodes. | superficial cubital |
| The breast—the mammary gland and surrounding tissue—is drained by the: | lymphatics that originate in and drain the skin over the breast with the exception of the areola and nipple. |
| Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the: | small intestine. |
| Hassall corpuscles are part of the: | thymus. |
| The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as “not self” is called: | nonspecific immunity |
| The lymph nodes located in the groin are called the | inguinal lymph nodes. |
| Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. | cell-mediated |
| A type of blood cell produced by lymph nodes is called a(n) | eosinophil |
| Masses of lymphoid tissue located in a protective ring under the mucous membranes in the mouth and the back of the throat are called | tonsils. |
| The structure in the neck known as the “Adam’s apple” is the: | thyroid cartilage. |
| The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the: | maxillary. |
| The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the: | oropharynx |
| The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium. | pseudostratified columnar |
| Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects? | The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus. |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the: | nasopharynx. |
| The more common name for the pharynx is the: | throat. |
| The total number of lobes in both lungs is: | 5 |
| The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called: | conchae. |
| The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the: | cricoid cartilage. |
| In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the: | horizontal fissure. |
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