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property of language

property of human language

TermDefinitionExamples of propertiesExamples
Arbitrariness A property of language describing the fact that there is no natural connection between a linguistic form and its meaning. The word 'dog' does not have any properties that are related to the object in describes. Ape can use blue triangle for 'apple'. Birds use pleasant songs to attract mates.
Reflexivity A special property of human language that allows language to be used to think and talk about language itself. We can use language to talk about language. For example, a parent might ask a child to speak in a softer voice. Dogs don't bark about how they bark.
Displacement A property of human language that allows users to talk about things and events not present in the immediate environment. A boy might tell his friends about a movie he watched the day before. Bees direct other bees to food. Birds don't sing about what they ate the day before.
Productivity A property of language that allows users to create new expressions. Speakers can come up with new words for products or actions (e.g. a search engine called "Google") Ape signs 'water' + 'bird' for 'swan'.
Duality A property of language whereby linguistic forms have two simultaneous levels of sound production and meaning. English is made up of words which are made up of combinations of 44 phonemes. There is no meaning for a specific phoneme.
Cultural transmission The process whereby knowledge of a language is passed from one generation to the next. Babies learn the language that their caregivers speak. Birds don't learn songs not heard from parents.
Created by: Roudaina
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