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EM005

Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary

QuestionAnswer
What separates the pituitary from the base of the brain? diaphragma sellae, which covers the pituitary gland
What passes through the cavernous sinus? cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), VI (abducens) and the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of V (the trigeminal nerve).
What hormones are found in the posterior pituitary? ADH (vasopressin), oxytocin
What is the blood supply difference for the anterior and posterior pituitary? The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) has a portal system from the hyothalamus. The neurohypophysis has a direct arterial blood supply from the inferior hypophyseal arteries.
What cell types are found in the adenohypophysis and are they acidic or basic? Acidophils:(red cells) – GH, PRL secreting cells, Basophils: (blue cells) – ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH secreting cells
What are the 5 nuclei that regulate hormone release from the anterior and posterior pituitary? Supraoptic, paraventricular, preoptic, arcuate, preiventicular
Which hormones are released by the supraoptic nucleus? ADH (vasopressin), oxytocin
Which hormones are released by the paraventricular nucleus? oxytocin, ADH, CRH
Which hormones are released by the preoptic nucleus? GnRH (LHRH)
Which hormones are released by the arcuate nucleus? GnRH, GHRH, dopamine (PIF)
Which hormones are released by the periventircular nucleus? TRH, somatostatin (GHIH)
Created by: drbou812
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