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Skin Anatomy
layer and cells of the skin (integument)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Merkel Cells | Cells at the border of the epidermis and dermis that sense light touch |
| Integument | Another name for the skin |
| Langerhans Cells | Also known as dendritic cells, these cells ingest foreign substances and activate the immune system. |
| Epidermis | Most superficial layer of skin, made of epithelial cells |
| Keratinocytes | Majority of the epidermal cells. These dead cells protect from abrasions/penetration and waterproof the skin. |
| Subcutaneous Tissue | Also known as the hypodermis- this is not a part of the skin, but supports the skin. Made of adipose tissue. |
| Dermis | Deeper layer of skin, made of connective tissues |
| Melanocytes | Spider-shaped cells that produce melanin to protect keratinocytes from UV radiation. |
| Stratum Corneum | Most superficial layer of the epidermis. Made of dead keratinocytes. Can make up, up to 3/4ths of the epidermis. |
| Stratum Lucidum | Layer found only in "thick" skin, underneath the Stratum Corneum. |
| Stratum Granulosum | This layer has keratinocytes that are living but will soon die. They produce two important substance in these cells: keratohyalin and lamellar bodies. |
| Stratum Spinosum | Layer composed of living keratinocytes with desmosomes, making the cells look spiny. |
| Stratum Basale | Deepest layer of the epidermis, consisting of a single layer of stem cells that undergo mitosis- pushing upper strata further up. |
| Dermal Papillae | Bumps that bind the epidermis to the dermis. These create our fingerprints. |
| Meissner's Corpuscles | Extensions of the nervous system that sense LIGHT touch |
| Capillary Loops | Where oxygen and nutrients are dropped off and shared with the epidermis |
| Arrector Pili Muscles | Muscles designed to make hair stand up |
| Sebaceous Glands | Oil glands |
| Pacinian Corpuscles | Extensions of the nervous system that sense HEAVY touch (pressure/vibrations) |
| Sudoriferous Glands | Sweat glands |
| Carotene | Orange/yellow pigment that comes from the diet |
| Abrasion | When skin is rubbed off by a rough surface |
| Laceration | Tearing of tissue caused by blunt force |
| Avulsion | When skin "catches" on an object, tearing the skin from other tissues |
| Hemoglobin | Oxygen carrying protein in the blood which can give a red color to the skin |
| Melanin | Pigment designed to absorb UV radiation |
Created by:
Minyoongi 06
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