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gov terms test 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| democracy | government by the people, both directly or indirectly, with free and frequent elections |
| direct democracy | government in which citizens vote on laws directly |
| representative democracy | government in which the people elect those who govern and pass laws; also called a republic |
| consent of the governed | the idea that a just government must derive its powers from the consent of the people it governs |
| majority rule | governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority |
| majority | the candidate or party that wins more than half the votes cast in an election |
| plurality | candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half |
| articles of confederation | the first governing document of the confederated states drafts in 1777, ratified in 1781, and replaced by the present constitution in 1789 |
| constitutional convention | the convention in Philadelphia, May 25 to September 17, 1787, that debated and agreed upon the constitution of the United States |
| Shay's Rebellion | rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. it highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for a constitutional convention went out |
| bicameralism | the principle of a two-house legislature |
| Virginia Plan | initial proposal at the constitutional convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states |
| New Jersey Plan | proposal at the constitutional convention made by William Paterson of New Jersey for a central government with a single-house legislature in which each state would be represented equally |
| Connecticut Compromise | compromise agreement by the states at the constitutional convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators. AKA great compromise |
| three-fifths compromise | compromise between northern and southern states at the constitutional convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives |
| federalists | supporters of ratification of the constitution and of a strong central government. Alexander Hamilton. |
| antifederalists | opponents of ratification of the constitution and of a strong central government, generally. Patrick Henry, James Monroe. |
| the federalist papers | essays promoting ratification of the constitution, published anonymously by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison in 1787 and 1788 |
| federalist #70 | essay by Hamilton arguing for a single, strong executive (not a council) so that the office would have the strength and decisiveness to act |
| federalist #51 | essay by Madison arguing for checks and balances in government, expecting the three branches of government to be jealous guardians of their own powers |
Created by:
jadeagibson
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