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A&P: Ch 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Histology | The study of tissues |
| Tissues | A collection of specialized cells and cell products organized to perform a specific or limited number of functions |
| What are the 4 types of tissue | 1) Muscular 2) Nervous 3) Connective 4) epithelial |
| what is the epithelial tissue's function | protect/line/cover: dehydration, abrasion, destruction control permeability: protective barrier, machinery for abs/sec senses: touch, taste, smell, vision produce specialized secretions: gland cells ex: gastric, nasal lining, goblet, tear, saliva |
| What is the function of connective tissue | connects tissues physically or chemically |
| What is the function of muscular tissue | causes motion and generates heat |
| What is the function of the nervous system | connects tissues electrically |
| Epithelial cells are bound tightly by? how is the effectiveness of epithelia maintained? | A. Cell junctions and nothing can pass through allowing function of protection barrier B. intra-cellular connections, basal lamina attachment, and epithelial repair and maintenance |
| What structures do epithelial tissues include | - epithelia - glands (ex: secretory glands) - |
| Where can epithelial tissue be found? (main function) | lining internal ducts, openings or cover surfaces internally and externally |
| What is the vascularity status of epithelial tissue? how well does it heal from injury? | avascular, has no blood cells. however has high rate of regeneration |
| What are the polarity of epithelial cells | apical side is surface and makes contact with open surface basal lamina is bottom side that makes contact with dermis and connective tissue |
| what is the purpose of microvilli? what is purpose of cilia | microvilli - increase absorption and secretion cilia - lateral movement of fluid over surface |
| What are intracellular connections? | cells attached via (CAM) cell adhesion molecules to basal lamina cells attached to each other at specialized cell junctions |
| What are epithelial specialized cell junctions? | tight junctions desmosomes gap junctions |
| What are tight junctions | located in epithelial tissue, are very tight and prevent the passage of molecules in between cells from top to bottom; diffusion of fluids and solutes btw cells formed by fusion of outer layers of two plasma membranes |
| Desmosomes are? | localized, spot-like adhesions btw lateral sides of cells that link opposing cells via CAMs, very strong and prevent stretching and twisting found in tissue with intense mechanical stress: epithelia, bladder, heart muscle |
| gap junction are? | connect cells via connexon molecules and allow movement of ions and electrical coupling btw cells |
| what are connexon molecules | proteins that allow passage of small molecules between cells and communication btw cells by creating hydrophilic channels that open and close |
| What is another name for desmosomes | Macula Adherens |
| Hemidesmosomes are? | attach cell to extracellular membrane. ex: basement membrane protein fibers that anchor cells to it |
| What are the layers of the basement membrane? | Lamina Lucida (by epithelial cells) and Lamina densa (by connective tissue) |
| how are epithelia tissues classified? | 1) layers 2) shape of apical surface |
| What type of cell layers are there in epithelia tissue | 1) simple - 1 layer 2) stratified - 2 or more layers 3) pseudostratified - give appearance that there are multiple layers but only 1 true layer |
| what are the type of cell epithelia shape | 1) cuboidal 2) squamous 3)columnar |
| how many epithelial tissue exist? | -8. name them. |
Created by:
cguerrero8
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