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Anatomy & Physiology
Organization of the body-Homeostasis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific Method | Observation, Propose hypothesis ,Design experiment, Collect and analyze data, Determine if data are biased Refine hypothesis Repeat experiments Accept as theory accept as law |
| Inferior | Towards the feet |
| Superior | Towards the head |
| Bilateral | right and left sides |
| Lumen | hollow area of the intestines, lungs, blood vessels, etc. |
| Central | Near the center |
| Peripheral | Near the center |
| Medullary- | Around the body |
| Cortical | Outer region of the organs |
| Basal | widest part of the organ |
| Apical | Narrow tip of the organ like the heart |
| Sagittal plane | Dividing the body into right and left sides |
| Coronal plane | Dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| Transverse plane | Dividing the body into inferior and superior portions or transvers or horizontal plan |
| Dorsal cavities | Cavities formed along the back of the body |
| Ventral cavities | abdominal and abdominopelvic cavities |
| Parietal pericardium | membrane layer that lines the outer cavity |
| Visceral pericardium | membrane layer covers the organ |
| Pericardial cavity | fluid filled layer in between the parietal and visceral layer |
| Epigastric regions consist of | stomach and parts of the rt and Lt lobes of liver |
| Right lumbar region | parts of the large and small intestines |
| Umbilical region | parts of the transverse colon and loops of small intestines |
| Iliac refers to | ileum lower part of the small intestines |
| Hypogastric region | small intestines and bladder |
| Autopoiesis | living organisms that are self-organized and self-maintaining |
| Levels of Organization | Chemical, Organelle, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism |
| Anatomical position | body erect with arms at side and palms facing forward |
| Supine position | body facing up |
| Prone position | Prone position- |
| Homeostasis | constant maintained state of the body |
| Set point | Normal range |
| Feedback loops | communication networks for maintaining or restoring homeostasis by self-regulation through feedback |
| Afferent communication | goes towards a control center or point of reference |
| Efferent communication | communication goes away from control center |
| Sensory mechanism | specific sensors detect and react to changes |
| Integrating or control center | Where information is analyzed and integrated |
| Effector mechanism | direct influence, controlled physiology variables |
| Positive feedback | are stimulatory, can increase labor contractions |
| Intracellular control | regulation of cells |
| Intrinsic control autoregulation | regulation within tissue or organs |
| Extrinsic control | regulation of organ to organ |
| Viruses | HIV, are intercellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA core surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes a lipoprotein envelope |
| Bacteria | are tiny, primitive cells that lack a nuclei |
| Fungi | simple organisms that lack chlorophyll pigments like plants |
| Protozoa | one-celled organisms larger than bacteria whose DNA is organized into a nucleus cause travelers’ shits |
| Pathogenic animals | are large, multicellular organisms (insects & worms) |
| Prions | some cause mad cow disease, vCJD, and misfolding of proteins |
| Pathology | study of diseases |
| Four function of control loop, | study of diseases |
Created by:
Studystacknightingale
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