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Human Anatomy week
week 1-5
| Question | Answer | |
|---|---|---|
| The body as a whole can be subdivided in to two major divisions. They are: | axial and appendicular. | |
| the atomic number tells you the | number of protons in the ncleus. | |
| as the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes---, and the solution becomes more --- | down; acidic | |
| what decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bound? | hydrolysis | |
| as the concentration of hydroxide ions increases, the | solution becomes more basic, pH rises. | |
| the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a | synthesis reaction. | |
| atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. this tendency is called the | octet rule. | |
| hydrolysis --- a water molecule. | breaks down compounds by adding | |
| which subatomic particle carry a charge? | protons and electrons | |
| as a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a large compound into smaller subunits? | hydrolysis. | |
| which of the following is not a subatomic particle? | radon | |
| the most abundant element essential life is | carbon. | |
| Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the | transfer of electrons from one atom to another | |
| hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. such molecules are said to be | polar | |
| the element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains: | eight protons | |
| the water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. because of this structure, water is said to be | polar | |
| electrolytes are: | called cations if they have a positive charge. | |
| the type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a ---reaction. | synthesis | |
| for sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: | lose an electron. | |
| acids | release hydrogen ions | |
| a force holding two atoms together is a | chemical bond | |
| chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons | covalent | |
| a chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a ---bond. | covalent | |
| an element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called an | isotope. | |
| the total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of | protons in its nucleus. | |
| a molecule that is polar: | can form a hydrogen bond, has an unequal charge. | |
| which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances? | decomposition reaction | |
| a substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called an | element | |
| what term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cell? | metabolism | |
| the inguinal region lies | where the thigh joins the trunk | |
| an example of a tissue in the body is | epithelium | |
| ---refers to an inner region of an organ, whereas ---refers to an outer region or layer of an organ. | medullary; cortical | |
| the plasma membrane is composed of all of the following: | phospholipids, cholesterol, glycoproteins. | |
| this organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells | peroxisome | |
| ribosomes are organelles that | float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. | |
| ribosomes may be either free within the cytoplasm or bound to a membrane system known as the | rough endoplasmic reticulum | |
| the inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel like substance called | cytoplasm | |
| which of the following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body? | microvilli | |
| phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged | as a bilayer with their non polar tails sandwiched between the polar heads. | |
| this membranous organelle contains oxidase and catalase enzymes | peroxisome | |
| Cisternae of this organelle are continuous with the nuclear envelope. | rough endoplasmic reticulum | |
| which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter? | microtubules | |
| cytoskeleton element: | microtubule, intermediate filament, microfilament | |
| this organelle has both a cis and a trans face | Golgi apparatus | |
| in the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. these proteins are called: | transport proteins | |
| the only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the | mitochondrion. | |
| the two major categories of body membranes are | epithelial and connective | |
| which type of tissue has cube shaped cells and can be found lining the kidney tubules? | simple cuboidal epithelium | |
| the dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick ----layer. | reticular | |
| which of the following contains intercalated disks? | cardiac muscle | |
| the eipdermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. one type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called | keratin | |
| the most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective | |
| the ----junction glues the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis | dermoepidermal | |
| the fluid environment that fills the spaces between the cells of the body is called | extracellular matrix. | |
| fibrocartilage can be found in the | symphysis pubis | |
| cartilage is classified as ---tissue. | connective | |
| what structures firmly hold the foot bones firmly in their arched position? | ligaments and tendons | |
| the largest sesamoid bone in the body is the | patella | |
| ---fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerours in fibrocartilage. | collagenous | |
| bone marrow is a specialized type of soft, diffuse connective tissue called | myeloid tissue. | |
| the bone that claims the distinction of being the only bone in the body that articulates with no other bones is the | hyoid. |
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