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Leilanie Tacaca
Human Anatomy Weeks 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane. | transverse |
| What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface? | superficial |
| The lungs are located in the: | thoracic cavity |
| The abdominal quadrants are located with what structure as their midpoint? | umbilicus |
| A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions. | front and back |
| Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of: | organelles |
| A sagittal section divides the body into _____ portions. | right and left |
| Blood production is a function of which system? | Skeletal |
| The structure that is called the “powerhouse” of the cell is the: | mitochondria |
| The gallbladder lies in the: | abdominal cavity |
| A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called: | sagittal |
| An organ is one organizational level higher than a(n): | tissue |
| From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: | chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism |
| Two major cavities of the human body are: | ventral/dorsal |
| Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life? | Balance |
| The brain is ______ as compared to the skull. | deep |
| A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region. | right hypochondriac |
| The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the: | heart |
| The neck is ______ as compared to the right shoulder. | medial |
| If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle? | Proximal |
| A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is: | coronal |
| The number of abdominal regions is: | nine |
| Which of the following does not describe anatomical position? | Pinky is lateral as compared to the thumb |
| The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are: | cells |
| When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n): | tissue |
| The mediastinum contains all of the following except the: | right lung |
| The reproductive system includes all of the following except the: | ureter |
| Molecules are: | atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates |
| An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac |
| In anatomical position the wrist is ___________ as compared to the elbow | inferior |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | hydrolysis |
| Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water? | 50% |
| The approximate pH of gastric fluid is: | 2 |
| The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? | Four |
| The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: | one proton and two neutrons |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of: | catabolism, anabolism, ATP requirements |
| The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is (are): | water |
| The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction. | synthesis |
| Which of the following bonds are the weakest? | Hydrogen |
| When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share: | electrons |
| Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called: | bases |
| Acids: | are proton donors, taste sour, release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution |
| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will: | turn blue |
| A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. | 12; 13; 10 |
| Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? | Zinc |
| An ionic bond is formed by: | a positive and a negative ion attracting each other |
| Which of the following represents properties of water? | High specific heat, High heat of vaporization, Strong polarity |
| Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? | Helium |
| An example of an element would be: | Ne |
| The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? | Decomposition |
| A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) than hydrogen ions (H+) is a(n) _____ solution. | alkaline (basic) |
| A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n): | electron |
| The kind of element is determined by the number of: | protons |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: | solution becomes more acidic |
| The octet rule refers to the: | stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: | dehydration synthesis |
| AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction. | exchange |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | hydrolysis |
| An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. | neutrons |
| The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called: | microvilli |
| The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae? | Mitochondrion |
| The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: | phospholipid bilayer |
| ATP production occurs within which organelle? | Mitochondrion |
| The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: | rRNA |
| Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: | desmosomes |
| Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus? | Lysosomes |
| Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? | Cell division |
| The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: | plasma membrane |
| Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | It makes lipids and carbohydrates. |
| Which of the following is not a function of the integral membrane proteins? | Acting as receptors, Signal transduction, Signal transduction |
| Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? | Provides a site for ribosome attachment |
| In the cell membrane, the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule: | faces the exterior of the cell, faces the interior of the cell |
| ow do vesicles move from place to place in an organized way within the cell? | Molecular motors pull them along the microtubules and microfilaments of the cytoskeleton. |
| The largest human cell, measuring about 150 μm, is a: | female sex cell or ovum |
| The structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material is the: | lysosome |
| Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: | chromatin |
| Which of the following recognize and destroy non-self cells? | Immune cells |
| A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments |
| The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: | peroxisomes |
| A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: | flagellum |
| Lysosomes perform autophagy. This means that they: | break down proteins and cytoplasm that are not needed by “self eating” |
| The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: | glycoprotein molecules |
| The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA. | False |
| Which of the following does not describe a structure or function of the proteasome? | Breaking down abnormal and misfolded proteins released from the ER, Looks like a hollow cylindrical drum made of protein subunits, Requires the small protein called ubiquitin to pull proteins in |
| Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? | Golgi apparatus |
| Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called: | cilia |
| The fundamental organizational unit of life is the: | cell |
| The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol |
| The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: | microvilli |
| The structure that lies deep to the dermis and forms a connection between the skin and the underlying structures of the body is the | hypodermis |
| Which of the following tissues lack a direct blood supply and consequently heals very slowly? | cartilage |
| The strongest and most durable type of cartilage is | fibrocartilage |
| Stratified squamous (keratinized) epithelial cells are found in the | epidermis |
| The epidermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. One type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called | keratin |
| The two major categories of body membranes are | epithelial and connective |
| A lubricating substance produced by goblet cells is called | mucus |
| The External Ear is composed of | elastic cartilage |
| Mesoderm interacts with endoderm and ectoderm to give rise to | the heart, skeletal muscles, mesenchyme |
| Of the many different kinds of protein compounds in the body, which is the most abundant? | collagen |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| The two main layers that compose the skin are the dermis and | epidermis |
| Which of the following contains intercalated disks? | cardiac muscle |
| Which of the following is an example of a serous membrane? | pleura, peritoneum, pericardium |
| The conducting unit of the nerve tissue is the | neuron |
| Besides water, extracellular matrix contains | proteins and proteoglycans |
| Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? | stratum corneum |
| Around the sixth month of pregnancy, the developing fetus is almost entirely covered by a fine soft hair coat called the | lanugo |
| The fluid environment that fills the spaces between the cells of the body is called | extracellular matrix |
| Which principal type of tissue covers and protects body surfaces and lines body cavities? | epithelial |
| The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective |
| The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. | sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous |
| Adipose tissue is | a storage tissue |
| Cells in a tissue are surrounded by or embedded in a complex extracellular material called a | matrix |
| The basic determinant of skin color is | melanin |
| The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis. | dermoepidermal |
| Which type of tissue has cube-shaped cells and can be found lining the kidney tubules? | simple cuboidal epithelium |
| Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue? | cardiac |
| Each hair follicle has a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to it called the | arrector pili muscle |
| The mixed secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands form a brown waxy substance called the | cerumen |
| The bone that articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull is the | mandible |
| Where are the smallest bones in the body located? | Ears |
| The medial part of the anterior chest wall is supported by a dagger-shaped bone called the | sternum |
| Anatomically speaking, which bones compose the wrist? | carpals |
| Spongy bone is characterized by | open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures |
| Which of the following is a bone in the axial skeleton? | vertebra |
| The very small bone that lies just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone is the | lacrimal |
| The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the | patella |
| Why are the last two pairs of false ribs designated as floating ribs? | Floating ribs do not attach even indirectly to the sternum |
| Which lower leg bone is smaller and is located laterally? | fibula |
| Which bone is the longest and heaviest bone in the body? | femur |
| What structures firmly hold the foot bones firmly in their arched position? | ligaments and tendons |
| Which of the following is not a bone in the skull? | clavicle |
| The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the | pubic symphysis |
| The most common type of cartilage is | hyaline |
| Which of the following bones form the framework of the hand? | metacarpals |
| Which of the following is(are) not in the appendicular skeleton? | vertebrae |
| The main shaft-like portion of a long bone is the | diaphysis |
| The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the | periosteum |
| Which of these pelvic bones is the most anteriorly placed? | pubis |
| The human skeleton system consists of two divisions. They are | axial and appendicular |
| _____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage. | Collagenous |
| Compact bone contains many cylinder-shaped structural units called | osteons |
| Which of the following is not a bone in the leg? | mandible |
| If you are working on an archeological dig and find the remains of a human pelvis with a subpubic angle of 110 degrees, you can assume that this pelvis belongs to a | female |
| Cartilage is classified as _____ tissue. | connective |
| The vertebral bones that support the small (lower section) of the back are the | lumbar vertebrae |
| Which of the following is a facial bone? | zygomatic bone |
| Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? | fontanels |
| The bone that claims the distinction of being the only bone in the body that articulates with no other bones is the | hyoid |
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ltacaca
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