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Chapter 5 APHY 101
Marieb chapter 5 flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many layers are in the Cutaneous Membrane? | 2 |
| How many parts are within the Integumentary System? | 3 |
| How does the body maintain a stable internal body temperature? | Negative Feedback, maintains homeostasis. |
| What layer can you find Melanocytes? | Stratum Basale |
| What is the function of a Merkel Cell? | Work with nerves to detect touch. |
| How many types of cells does the Epidermis contain? | 4 main types |
| If you are cold, what is the body's reaction to get you warm? | Vasodilation |
| How many layers are within the thick skinned part of the Epidermis? | 5 |
| Which layer is not found in the thin skin of the Epidermis? | Stratum Lucidum |
| Which layer is the thickest layer of the Epidermis? | Stratum Spinosum |
| Which layer is the thickest layer of the Dermis? | Reticular Layer |
| How many layers are within the Dermis? | 2 |
| Which layer produces finger prints? | Papillary Layer |
| Why do surgeons prefer to cut along cleavage lines? | Skin heals faster. |
| What is mainly composed of Loose Adipose Connective Tissue? | Hypodermis |
| What are the two types of glands? | Sebaceous and Sweat |
| What does ABCD (e) stand for? | Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, and Evolution. |
| What is Striae? | Stretchmarks |
| What are the three layers of hair? | Medulla, Cortex, and Cuticle |
| What pigments the hair? | Melanocytes |
| Why do nails/nailbeds appear pink? | The capillaries beneath. |
| Which cell is apart of the immune system? | Dendritic Cells |
| Which is the most common type of skin cancer? | Basal Cell Carcinoma |
| Which skin cancer spreads/moves around? | Melanoma |
| The rule of 9's divides the body into how many areas? | 11 |
| Beautiful Skin Glows Like Crystals | STRATUM: 1. Basale 2. Spinosum 3. Granulosum 4. Lucidum 5. Corneum |
| How is Carotene converted? | To vitamin A. |
| What is hemoglobin? | A protein in the blood, contains iron, and transports oxygen in blood. |
| Vellus vs. Terminal Hair | Fine hair, Thick hair. |
| What is made of hard Keratin? | Hair and nails. |
| What does the skin act as? | A barrier |
| If Derma means Skin, and -itis means inflammation. What does Dermatitis mean? | Skin Inflammation |
| What's the chief region of hair? | Root |
| What does the hair cuticle look like? | A single layer of cells overlapping one another like shingles on a roof. |
| What colors Red hair? | Pheomelanin |
| What does a "spoon nail" display? | Can signal an iron deficiency. |
| Where is Eccrine sweat secreted? | Skin (surface) |
| What makes your hair "greasy"? | Sebaceous Glands. |
| Which secretion(s) is anti bacterial? | Sebaceous and Eccrine |
| What molecules are converted to vitamin D (precursor), in sun exposure? | Modified Cholesterol |
| When is a burn considered critical for a third-degree burn? | When burns are on face, hands, or feet. |
| What is the leading cause of death in burn victims? | Sepsis. (in order to treat burns you need a wet and warm environment, which is the breeding ground for bacteria.) |
| What is the main function of the Hypodermis? | Anchors the cutaneous membrane to the underlying tissue. |
| What can cause cyanosis of the skin? (blue tint) | When hemoglobin is poorly oxygenated. |
| What occurs when you consume a lot of carotene? | Skin can turn golden, but the sclera will remain white. |
| Where can you locate the Medulla? | The middle of thick hairs, where the soft keratin is. |
| Why does your hair get split ends? | Subjected to the most abrasion. |
| What part of the hair is embedded into the skin? | The root. |
| In a cross section of a hair shaft, if it looks round, how will the hair appear? | Straight. |
| What does the hair papilla do? | Supplies nutrients and signals growth. |
| How many layers does a follicle wall have? | 3 |
| What is the epithelial root sheath derived from? | Epidermis |
| How does hair appear longer? | The hair matrix- rapidly grows new cells protruding the older dead cells outward. |
| Why is the arrector pili important? | Its contractions push sebum oil to the surface, lubricating the skin. |
| What can cause gray or white hair? | Melanin production in the hair decreases, causing the air bubbles to replace the melanin. |
| What is Hirsutism? | When a female develops terminal hair in a masculine distribution. (face, chest, back) |
| What is the hormone the body responds to at puberty, in terms of terminal hair growth? | Androgens (testosterone) |
| What is vellus hair? | Thin and fine hair, found in children and adult females (peach fuzz) |
| How is terminal hair different than vellus hair? | Its coarser, darker, and makes up your eyebrows, eyelashes, and scalp. |
| Nails have three sections: | Proximal root, nail plate/body, and a free edge |
| What is the nail bed on top of? | The deepest layers of the epidermis. |
| Where is the nail matrix located? (in relation to the nail) | Proximal portion of the nail bed. |
| What does the hyponychium do? | Secures the free edge of the nail plate. |
| What causes apocrine sweat to smell? | Bacteria on the skin decompose the organic molecules that were secreted. |
| What are the two modified apocrine glands? | Ceruminous and Mammary Glands |
| What kind of sweat gets secreted due to an emotional response? | Eccrine Sweat |
| What area of the body does heat induced eccrine sweat start? | Forehead, then spreads inferiorly. |
| Is sweat acidic or basic? | Acidic, between 4 and 6. |
| Why do sebaceous glands function as a holocrine gland? | They rupture or burst once full of lipids. |
| What is acne? | Inflammation of the sebaceous glands. |
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