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CSET Lit vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allegory | An extenden mataphor, with one surface meaning and another underlying meaning. |
| Antagonist | The character who opposes the main character in a work of fiction. |
| Archtype | Models or patterns instantly recognizable for their universal characteristics. |
| Characterization | The creation of characters to populate a story |
| Climax | The high point of a narrative. |
| Connotation | The set of associations a word conveys, as opposed to its strict definition. |
| Denotation | The definition of a word. |
| Denouement | The wrap-up of a story, after the climax |
| Descriptive writing | Writing that paints a picture of a fictional world. |
| Dialogue | Conversation between two or more characters in fiction. |
| Expository writing | Writing that presents information critical for understanding a whole piece. |
| Figures of speech (metaphor, simile, and symbol) | Uses of language that are not meant to be taken literally. |
| Formative assessments | Informal assessments that are ongoing, classroom-based, and oriented toward individual achievements. |
| Interior monologue | (in fiction) reveals a character's thoughts and feelings. |
| Irony | The tension, or difference, between what is expected (or what appears to be)and what is actually the case. |
| Language Acquistion Device (LAD) | An innate structural predispositon of the human brain to make sense of language (to acquire the specific sets of phonemes, morphemes, and syntactical structures that belong to any specific language system) |
| Metacognition | The awareness that there are skills that can increase learning efficiency and effectiveness; learning how to learn. |
| Metaphor | A comparison between two unlike things as though they were the same. |
| Meter | The rhythm of a poem. It may be regular or irregular. |
| Morphemes | The sound sequences (sequences of phonemes)that convey meaning. |
| Morphology | The study of word structure. |
| Narrative writing | writing that tells a story |
| Natural language acquistion | A type of learning modeled on the way young children absorb a native tongue (as opposed to traditional language learning with its rule-oriented teaching). |
| Parallelism | A structured device in which words, phrases, or ideas are repeated, once or several times. |
| Parody | a humorous subgenre of fiction that mimics the style and conventions of another, serious work. |
| Personification | the attribution of human qualities to non-human animals or objects. |
| Persuasive writing | writing designed to convince the reader of the author's point of view. |
| Phonemes | Sounds that signal differences in meaning. |
| Phonological awareness (phonemic awareness) | the understanding that words are composed of sounds called phonemes. |
| Phonology | the study of the way sounds function in language |
| plot | What happens in a story |
| Point of View | the perspective from which a story is told |
| pragmatics | the study of the social, physical, and cultural contexts of language use. |
| protagonist | the main character in a work of fiction. |
| rhetoric | the term for a collection of strategies and language choices writers use to achieve their goals. |
| satire | exposes, often humorously, the follies, foibles, and vices of a group or system (e.g., institutions, ideas, or societies) |
| scaffolding | the support a teacher provides to enable a student to extend his knowledge. |
| semantics | the study of the ways in which sounds, words, sentences, etc., are used to convey meaning in language, including the effect of context on meanint. |
| setting | the environment in which a story takes place. |
| simile | a comparison of two dissimilar things using like or as |
| Summative assessments (standardized tests) | take place after a period of learning and are designed to evaluate how well the learning has taken place. |
| symbol | a use of figurative language in which a word or phrase signifies, or stands for, something else, in addition to itself. |
| syntax | the grammatical structure of a sentence |
| theme | the central or unifying concept of a work of art. |
| tone | a term for the attitude of an artistic work. |
| Universal grammer | the general properties that underlie and govern the development of all human languages. |
| Zone of proximal Development (zpd) | the difference between a child's capacity to solve a problemon his own and his ability to solve the problem with assistance. |
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