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Mid Year Civics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Citizen | A person who by birth, nationality of one or both parents, or naturalization, is granted full rights and responsibilities as a member of a nation |
| Law of Blood | Children who are born to a parent or parents who are citizens of the U.S. |
| Law of Soil | Children who are born in the U.S. or its territories |
| Immigrant | Someone who comes to live permanently in another country |
| Requirements for Naturalization | Be 18 years old Be a permanent resident for 5 years Have good moral character Speak, read, and write English Have a knowledge of U.S. History and Civics |
| Amendment for Citizenship? | Amendment 14 |
| Steps for Naturalization | 1. Submit the Citizenship application. 2. Go to an interview. 3. Pass an oral test. 4. Attend the Naturalization Ceremony. 5. Take the Oath of Allegiance to the U.S. 6. Receive the Certificate of Naturalization. |
| Impact of Naturalization | Allows people from other countries to share their ideas, innovations, voices, and opinions |
| Obligation/Duty | Something you must do because of legal requirement |
| Responsibility | Something you are expected to do |
| Examples: Obligations/Duties | Selective Service System (Military) Paying Taxes Obeying the Law Attending Jury Duty |
| Examples: Civic Responsibilities | Voting Petitioning Government Attending Civic Meetings Running For Office |
| By fulfilling your obligations and responsibilities, you... | Support the Common Good (the good of the community as a whole |
| By not fulfilling your obligations and responsibilities, you... | Contribute to societal collapse as governments could no longer perform services, maintain order, or defend citizens |
| Influences on our Constitutional Republic | Ancient Greek Ancient Rome Judeo-Christian traditions |
| Ancient Greek Influences | Polis Civic Participation Legislative (law-making) Body Voting Rights Written Constitution |
| Ancient Roman Influences | Republicanism Civic Participation Representative Government Rule of Law Separation of Powers |
| Judeo-Christian Influences | Ethical Ideas of Justice Belief in Individual Worth Personal Responsibility Rule of Law |
| Polis | Self-governing community |
| Republicanism | Governed by elected representatives |
| Rule of Law | Everyone follows the same laws (even the highest-ranking government officials, like the president) |
| Individual Worth | People have the same worth |
| Principles in Founding Documents | Due Process Equality of Mankind Limited Government Natural Rights Rule of Law Religious Freedom |
| Due Process | Government must follow fair procedures before revoking natural rights |
| Equality of Mankind | All people are equal and should be treated with fairness and respect |
| Limited Government | The government's power is restrained by the Constitution |
| Natural Rights | Individuals have inherent (unalienable) rights (life, liberty, property, pursuit of happiness) |
| Religious Freedom | The right to practice religion without government interference |
| Historical Document Influences | Magna Carta Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights "Common Sense" (Thomas Paine) |
| Magna Carta | Rule of Law Due Process Right to Fair Trial Right to Justice Limited Government |
| Mayflower Compact | Consent of the Governed Self-Government |
| English Bill of Rights | Life, Liberty, Property No Taxation Without Representation Right to Fair and Speedy Trial No Excessive Punishments |
| "Common Sense" (Thomas Paine) | Representative Self-Government |
| Enlightenment Influences | John Locke Montesquieu |
| John Locke | Natural Rights Social Contract |
| Social Contract | A community and a ruler are in a social contract; the community agrees to obey the ruler, and the ruler agrees to protect the community and their rights |
| Montesquieu | Separation of Powers |
| Separation of Powers | Powers are separated between different branches of government Legislative (law-making) Executive (law-enforcing) Judicial (law-interpreting) |
| Rule of Law in the Constitution | Separation of Powers, Checks & Balances |
| Effects of Rule of Law | Individuals and Institutions are Transparent and held Accountable for their Procedures of Enforcement and Application of the Law |
| Administrative Agency | An agency that has rules and regulations for something |
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