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Endocrinology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an example of a pathway that uses an inhibiting hormone? | Growth Hormone pathway |
| Which pathway is hard-wired via ANS to the adrenal medulla? | Epinephrine |
| Which hormone is influenced by circadian rhythm? | Melatonin |
| What are cells that have specific receptors for a hormone? | Target cells |
| What are the three ways hormones are stimulated? | Hormonal, humoral, and nervous system stimulation |
| What are the three types of circulating hormones? | Steroids, biogenic amines, and proteins |
| Which circulating hormone is lipid-soluble/hydrophobic? | Steroids |
| What is an example of a biogenic amine? | TH, norepinephrine |
| What are local hormones? | short-lived molecules that influence cells within local tissue |
| What kind of hormones require a carrier protein? | Lipid soluble/steroids |
| What is a carrier protein? | water-soluble proteins synthesized by liver |
| What are the three different interactions between hormones? | Synergistic, permissive, and antagonistic |
| What is synergistic interaction? | activity of one hormone reinforces activity of another hormone |
| What is permissive interaction? | activity of one hormone requires a second hormone |
| What is antagonistic interaction? | activity of one hormone opposes the effects of another hormone |
| What is another name for the pituitary gland? | Hypophysis |
| What connects the pituitary and the hypothalamus? | infundibulum stalk |
| What is the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system? | a blood pathway that functionally connects the anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus |
| Does the posterior pituitary make its own hormones? | No, they come from the hypothalamus via a neuron |
| What are considered the classic endocrine glands? | Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, thymus |
| Which type of hormone has a long onset and long duration? | Steroid hormones (cortisol) |
| Which type of hormone has a fast onset and short duration? | Water-soluble hormones (insulin) |
| What is another name for the anterior pituitary? | adenohypophysis |
| What is another name for the posterior pituitary? | neurohypophysis |
| Which hormones are released through the anterior pituitary? | TSH, PRL, FSH, LH, ACTH, GH |
| Where is epinephrine and NE made? | Adrenal medulla |
| What are the 4 primary cells in the islets of langerhans? | alpha, beta, delta, and f cells |
| Which cells produce glucagon? | Alpha cells |
| Which cells produce insulin? | Beta cells |
Created by:
julie.russell
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