Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Module 1
Anatomy 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the two major components of the cardiovascular system and explain major functions of each | Heart and blood vessels. The heart generates force to transport respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes through body. Blood vessels transport blood throughout the body. |
| What do arteries do? | Arteries transport blood away from heart. |
| What do veins do? | Veins transport blood toward the heart. |
| Explain the functions of capillaries | Capillaries transport blood between arteries/veins, and perform nutrient, gas, and waste exchange. |
| What does the pulmonary circuit do? | Carries oxygen-poor blood from heart to lungs, drops off carbon dioxide, picks up oxygen, then flows back to heart. |
| What does the systemic circuit do? | Transports oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to body cells, removes wastes from cells, then flows back to heart. |
| Describe the location and basic shape of heart | Located in thoracic cavity, in mediastinum, behind sternum, above diaphragm, near lungs. Broad base lies beneath 2nd rib. The heart is a hollow cone-shaped organ, containing double pump. |
| Define pericardium | A pericardial sac. Covering over heart and proximal ends of large blood vessels. |
| Define fibrous pericardium | Tough outer layer, that surrounds double-layered serous membrane. |
| Define parietal pericardium | Deep to fibrous pericardium; outer layer of serous membrane; covers the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium. |
| Define visceral pericardium | Inner layer of serous membrane; attached to surface of heart; also called the epicardium. |
| Define pericardial cavity | Space between visceral and parietal layers of serous pericardium. |
| How many walls of the heart are there? | 3 walls of the heart: Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium |
| Define Epicardium | Outer layer, thin Also called the visceral pericardium Reduces friction |
| Define Myocardium | Middle layer; thickest layer Composed of cardiac muscle tissue (remember myo means muscle) |
| Define Endocardium | Inner layer, thin Forms inner lining of all heart chambers |
| How many heart chambers are there? | 4 chambers of the heart. |
| Atria (the singular term is atrium): | Thin-walled upper chambers (located at the top of the heart) receives blood returning to heart |
| Auricles: | Flap-like projections from atria, which allow atrial expansion. Ear-shaped pouches attached to each atrium, one on the left and right. |
| Ventricles: | Thick-walled lower chambers (located at the bottom of heart) pumps blood out of heart into arteries |
| Functions and location of Right atrium: | Located in the upper right side of heart. Receives blood returning from systemic cirucuit (from the superior/inferior vena cavae/ coronary sinus); pumps blood to right ventricle |
| Functions and location of Right ventricle: | Located in the lower right side of heart Posterior (behind) sternum Receives blood from the right atrium; Pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk/lungs |
| Functions and location of Left atrium: | Located in the upper left side of heart. Receives blood from the pulmonary veins; pumps blood to left ventricle |
| Functions and location of Left ventricle: | Located in the lower left side of heart. Receives blood from the left atrium; pumps blood to systemic circuit |
| How many valves of the heart are there? | 4 valves of the heart. |
| What is the name of the structure that separates the right and left atria? | Interatrial septum |
| What is the name of the structure that separates the right and left ventricles? | Interventricular septum |
| Which blood vessels return oxygen-poor (deoxygenated) blood to the right atrium? | The superior and inferior venae cavae |
| Explain the functions of chordae tendineae and papillary muscles | Chordae tendineae are fibrous strings that attach cusps of tricuspid and mitral valves to papillary muscles in wall of heart. |
| Identify the name of the arteries that supply blood to tissue of the heart. | Left and right coronary arteries |
| Define diastole | Relaxation of a heart chamber or the time period when the heart is relaxing. |
| Define systole | Contraction of a heart chamber or the time period when the heart is contracting. |
| What is a cardiac cycle? | One set of atrial contractions followed by one set of ventricular contractions and the events that occur during a heartbeat. |
| Describe the events of the cardiac cycle | Atria contract (atrial systole) while ventricles relax (ventricular diastole) Then ventricles contract (ventricular systole) while atria relax (atrial diastole) Lastly both chambers relax briefly. |
| Define functional syncytium | A group of cells that work to gather as a single unit while each cell maintains its own role. |
| List the components of the cardiac conduction system |
Created by:
Alena stephanoff
Popular Anatomy sets