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Final 2025 Govt
2025
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to John Locke's social contract theory, the government gets its power and consent from ________________________________. | the people |
| Which founding father used some of Locke's ideas when he wrote the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| The social contract described by Locke is a contract between the _____________________ and the ____________________________ . | people and the rulers |
| According to Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence, all people have the right to _________________ , _______________________ , and the __________________________________________________ . | life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
| According to John Locke and Thomas Jefferson, if the government violates or abuses the rights of the people, what can be done? | the people can abolish the government and institute a new government |
| The first three words of the Preamble, We the people... ," establish which constitutional principle? | popular sovereignty |
| Clearly listing what the national government can & can’t do establishes which Constitutional principle ? | limited government |
| Which Constitutional principle states all are equally bound to the law including the government leaders? | rule of law |
| Which Constitutional principle states government gets its authority and consent from the people ? | popular sovereignty |
| Which Constitutional principle states. each branch checks the power of the other two? | checks and balances |
| Which Constitutional principle states power is divided among three branches? | separation of powers |
| Which Constitutional principle establishes the division of governmental power between national government and the states? | federalism |
| Which Constitutional principle states courts decide whether law or executive action is constitutional ? | judicial review |
| "The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many . . .may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny." Which constitutional principle was Madison defending? | separation of powers |
| Constitutionalism, or the rule of law, is defined as _________. | powers of govt. officials are limited by a set of laws that they must obey |
| The first nine amendments to the Constitution support the principle of _________. | limited government |
| Which article is often considered the most important article because it sets precise limits on the powers of government as it states what the federal and state governments can and cannot do? | Article I |
| In the Preamble to the Constitution, the Framers deliberately connected the new government directly to _______________. | the people |
| The purpose of the Preamble is to do what? | tell the goals of our people and give the purposes of our government |
| How many articles make up the main body of the Constitution? | 7 |
| Over the years, how many amendments have been added to the Constitution? | 27 |
| The Bill of Rights refers to ____________________________________. | the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution |
| Ours is the __________ written national constitution still in operation. | oldest |
| The Constitution was written in _________________. | 1787 |
| Although there were many contributors to the writing of the U.S. Constitution, who is known as the "Father of the Constitution" because of his significant contributions? | James Madison |
| Section 1 of the 14th Amendment guarantees ___________________________ | equal treatment under the law for anyone within the U.S. |
| True or False: Passed in 1868, the 14th Amendment aimed to extend the Bill of Rights to all persons regardless of race. | True |
| True or False: The Court has the right to review all amendments before they are ratified. | False |
| Which method of amending the Constitution has been the most commonly used? | Congress proposes, state legislatures ratify. |
| An amendment can be proposed how? | a a 2/3 vote in the Senate and House or by a national convention called by Congress upon the request of two-thirds of the state legislatures. |
| An amendment can be ratified how> | by approval from three-fourths of state legislatures or by conventions called in three-fourths of the states |
| The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments apply primarily to the rights of _____________________________ | African Americans |
| Those powers not expressly stated in the Constitution but are reasonably suggested by the expressed powers are called ________________________ powers. | implied powers |
| Those powers that are delegated to the National Government that are spelled out in the Constitution; also called enumerated powers. | expressed powers |
| Those powers that belong to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community. | inherent powers |
| Those powers exercised solely by the National Government. | exclusive powers |
| Those powers not denied to the States, and not granted specifically to the National Government by the Constitution. | reserved powers |
| Those powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise. | concurrent powers |
| The Constitution requires the National Government to fulfill the what 3 obligations to the States? | 1) a republican form of government for every state 2) respect each state's territorial integrity and boundaries 3) protect each state from invasion and internal disorder |
| What are the ways the states aid the national government? | 1) naturalize aliens in state courts 2) run national elections 3) cooperate with the FBI to help with federal fugitives f |
| The ______________________________ Clause provides that a state cannot take unfair advantage in its laws of the residents of another state. | Privileges and Immunities |
| The ______________________________ Clause requires that states honor one another’s public acts, records, and judicial proceedings . | Full Faith and Credit |
| The ______________________________ Clause states that the Constitution stands above all other forms of law in the United States. | National Supremacy |
| The _______________________________ Clause grants Congress the power to make all laws needed to carry out its Constitutional powers and duties. | Necessary and Proper |
| True or False : The state of Oregon can forbid anyone from another state to use its courts and make contracts; forbid them to buy or sell property in Oregon; or marry within its borders just because they are from another state. | False |
| True or False : Alaska can pass a law giving preference to Alaskan residents when it comes to hiring. | False |
| States must honor the legality of one another's civil laws because of the _____________________________ Clause. | Full Faith and Credit |
| The power to declare war is a(n) _______________ power of the national government. | exclusive |
| The power to collect taxes is a(n) __________________ power of national and state governments. | concurrent |
| The power to establish schools is a(n) _____________ power of the states. | reserved |
| The Constitution requires the National Government to guarantee every state a ______________________ form of government. | republican |
| Agreements states enter into with both foreign nations and other states with the consent of Congress are called ____________________________ | interstate compacts |
| What is the basic characteristic of federalism? | It divides power between a National Government and State governments. |
| Local governments exercise _________________ powers. | state |
| The Congress is made up of the ________________________ and the ____________________. | House of Representatives and the Senate |
| Which house of Congress is based on population? | House of Representatives |
| Oregon has ______ representatives in the House. | 6 |
| . The name of my House Representative is _______________________ . | Val Hoyle |
| Which house of Congress has 100 members? | the Senate |
| Representatives serve a __________ -year term while Senators serve a ___________-year term. | 2 year; 6 year |
| There are ________ seats in the House of Representatives. | 435 |
| Congressional removal of an official from office for "reason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors" is called __________________ | impeachment |
| How many senators does each state have? | 2 |
| The presiding officer of the House of Representatives is ________________ | Speaker of the House |
| Who holds the most power in the Senate? | the Majority Leader |
| Which term means a sufficient number of House or Senate members are present to conduct business? | quorum |
| A filibuster can occur in which house of Congress? | the Senate |
| What is the meaning of the term gerrymandering? | creating oddly shaped districts to gain political advantage |
| Who is the president of the Senate according to the Constitution? | the Vice President |
| The chief responsibility of the president is to ________________________ the laws. | enforce |
| The ______________________________ becomes President if the President cannot carry out the duties of the office. | Vice President |
| A candidate for President must be a ______________________ American citizen, at least ______ years old, and a resident of the U.S. for at least _____ years. | natural born; 35, 14 |
| The _________________________ is a group of persons who vote for President and V.P. | Electoral College |
| A candidate must win at least _______ of the ________ electoral votes possible to become President. | 270; 538 |
| A President can only serve ____ four-year terms as outlined by the _______Amendment passed in 1951. | 2; 22nd |
| The President is the ________________________________ of the armed forces. | commander-in-chief |
| In the _________________________________ address, the President tells the whole nation about the condition of the country. | State of the Union |
| The ________Amendment provides for filling a vacancy in the office of President or Vice President. | 25th |
| The President’s ________________ is made up of the heads of the fifteen executive departments. | cabinet |
| The President appoints cabinet members, federal judges, ambassadors, and other persons to federal office, but they must be approved by the _________________________. | Senate |
| Only _______________ has the power to declare war. | Congress |
| ______________ are presidential rules that have the force of law. | Executive orders |
| A _______________ is an act that free persons from responsibility and punishment for a crime. | pardon |
| TRUE or FALSE: The electoral system guarantees that the presidential candidate with the most popular votes will be elected president | False |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Constitution created specifically only a Supreme Court. | True |
| The _________________________ appoints all federal judges while the ________________ confirms his or her appointments to the bench. | President; Senate |
| This is the belief that Supreme Court justices should actively make policy and sometimes redefine the Constitution. | judicial activism |
| Constitutional courts judges, including Supreme Court justices, are appointed for ____________ terms. | life |
| The state of Oregon is under the jurisdiction of the _______ Circuit Court of Appeals which is based in the city of San Francisco. | 9th |
| The U.S. Supreme Court consists of how many justices? | 9 |
| Who was the first woman appointed to the Supreme Court? | Sandra Day O'Connor |
| This is the official opinion of the Court | majority opinion |
| This is an opinion that agrees with the majority but written to make a point that was not made in the majority opinion. | concurring opinion |
| This is an opinion disagreeing with the majority opinion of the Court written by the justices on the losing side of the case. | dissenting opinion |
| These are examples to be followed in similar cases as they arise in lower courts or reach the Supreme Court. | precedents |
| To find someone guilty in a criminal case the standard is ________________________________________________ , while in a civil case, the standard is __________________________________________________________. | beyond a reasonable doubt; more likely than not |
| He was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court. | Thurgood Marshall |
| Which branch of government is given the constitutional authority to create new courts or change the structure of the courts? | Congress |
| How many justices are required to grant a writ of certiorari in order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court? | four (the Rule of Four) |
| TRUE or FALSE: There are no Constitutional qualifications to be on the Supreme Court, or other federal courts. | True |
| The ______________________________ is the one who initiates a lawsuit while the ____________________________ is the the party against whom a lawsuit is brought. | plaintiff; defendant |
| The case of ______________________________________________ established the principle of judicial review. | Marbury v. Madison |
Created by:
teacherdavidfrost
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