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Civics final study 2
Vocab & terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Civics | the study of government and the citizens. |
| citizen | someone who has duties, responsibility, and loyalty |
| rule of law | those who govern must also obey the law |
| Expressed powers | powers given specifically to the national govt. |
| Reserved Powers | powers given to states |
| Concurrent Powers | powers shared between state & federal govt |
| implied powers | powers that are not stated |
| judicial review | power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and government actions unconstitutional |
| salutary neglect | King’s plan of ignoring colonies and letting them govern themselves |
| 5th amendment | right not to incriminate oneself & due process |
| 4th amendment | right to privacy |
| 6th amendment | gives citizens rights in criminal trials |
| 8th amendment | right to NOT have cruel or unusual punishment |
| 7th amendment | right to have a jury trial |
| political party | A group of people that share common views on how government should be run |
| referendum | A government’s request to change an existing law or rule |
| initiative | Citizens can propose new laws |
| primary election | an election by political parties to nominate a candidate |
| general election | an election of candidates for office |
| battleground/swing states | States that are normally unsure of who to vote for |
| bicameral | A legislature made up of two houses |
| naturalization | the process of becoming a citizen |
| social contract | An agreement between the government and citizens that sees citizens giving up rights for protection from the government |
| natural rights | universal and unalienable; are not dependent on laws, customs, or beliefs |
| dictatorship | Government ruled by a person having complete control |
| checks & balances | distinct roles within the three branches to keep each other from abusing powers |
| federalism | Two levels of government, state and national, with national (federal) being supreme |
| popular sovereignty | The people have the power |
| due process | fairness in all legal matters, both civil and criminal, especially in the courts |
| eminent domain | The right of the government to take land for public use |
| slander | Spoken lies with intention to harm a person’s reputation |
| libel | Written lies with intention to harm a person’s reputation |
| platform | statements that express the party’s principles, beliefs, and positions on election issues |
| incumbent | A currently working politician who has already been elected to office before. |
| absentee ballot | A way for voters to cast a ballot without going to the polls |
| popular vote | the choice expressed through the votes cast by the electorate. |
| propaganda | ideas that may use misleading messages to manipulate and persuade |
| interest groups | A group of people who share a point of view about an issue and unite to promote their beliefs |
| Political Action Committees (PACs) | established by a corporation, labor union, or other special-interest group designed to contribute money to a candidate |
| electoral college | the process by which the United States elects the president and vice president. Offices are elected by electors, of which the number of electors depends on the state population |
| veto | Right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body |
| pocket veto | Indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or governor by keeping the bill unsigned |
| filibuster | The action of talking out of killing a bill |
| impeach | To charge the holder of a public office with misconduct |
| executive order | Rule or order issued by the president and forcing the law. |
| bureaucracy | System of government in which important decisions are made by officials rather than by elected representatives |
| prosecution | the action of charging someone with a crime and putting them on trial |
| defendant | the person that is accused of the crime or the group that is being sued (depending on whether the case is civil or criminal) |
| plaintiff | Person or party filing a lawsuit |
| indictment | Formal charge by a grand jury |
| acquittal | Vote of not guilty |
| appeal | Power to review of a case or issue in a higher court |
| plea bargain | Agreement that allows a defendant to plead guilty to a lesser charge |
| restitution | Punishment that is equal, or payment for loss, damage, or injury caused |
| jurisdiction | The permission to deal with a case. |
| United Nations | (UN) An international organization formed after WW2 to promote international peace, security, and cooperation |
| decolonization | Process of former colonies gaining their political/economic independence from the mother country |
| humanitarianism | Concerned with human welfare; person devoted to helping humanity |
| tariff | tax on imported goods |
| embargo | A ban on trade with a particular country |
| import | coming into the country |
| export | going out of the county |
| Gross Domestic Product | (GDP) how trade is measured |
| surplus | Excess of money from trade; more exports than imports |
| deficit | Not enough money from trade: more imports than exports |
| appellate | the power to reverse or modify the lower court's decision |
Created by:
ekbeck
Popular American Government sets