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A&P QUIZ #1

Vocabulary Quiz

WordDefintion
Cardiology The study of the heart and its diseases.
Cytology The study of the structure, function, and diseases of cells.
Dermatology The study of the skin and its diseases.
Epidemiology The study of the factors determining the distribution and frequency of the occurence of health-related conditions within a defined human population.
Geriatrics Branch of medicine dealing with elderly persons and their medical problems.
Gerontology The study of the process of aging and the various problems of elderly persons.
Histology The study of the structure and function of tissues.
Neonatology The study of newborn infants and the treatment of their disorders.
Obstetrics Branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and childbirth.
Pharmacology The study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of diseases.
Psychiatry Branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders.
Toxicology The study of poisonous substances and their effects on body parts.
Acidosis A condition of too many hydrogen ions (i.e. pH below 7.35) in the blood.
Alkalosis A condition of to few hydrogen ions (i.e. pH above 7.45) in the blood.
Ionizing Radiation Radiation that causes atoms to ionize, e.g. radioisotopes and X-rays.
Ketosis A form of acidosis resulting from excessive ketones in the blood due to an incomplete breakdown of lipids. Often occurs during starvation and acute attacks of diabetes mellitus.
Anaplasia The alteration of cells to a more embryonic (undifferentiated) form, often seen in cancer cells.
Dialysis The process of separating smaller solute molecules from larger ones in a solution by means of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane. This process is used in artificial kidneys to cleanse the blood of metabolic watses.
Dysplasia Abnormal development of tissue.
Hypertrophy An increase in the size of an organ or muscle due to an increase in the size of the cells. This is the normal response of muscles to weightlifting.
Hyperplasia An increase in the size of a tissue or organ due to an increase in the number of cells.
Liposomes Hollow microscopic sacs formed of phospholipids that can be filled with a variety of drugs.
Mutation A change in the DNA base sequence leading to incorporation of the "incorrect" amino acids in particular positions in the resulting protein. this may (or may not) impair or stop the protein's normal functioning and may cause disease.
Necrosis Death of a cell or group of cells due to injury or disease.
Deletion Chromosomal aberration in which part of a chromosome is lost.
Down Syndrome A.K.A. mongolism, this condition usually reflects the presence of an extra autosome (i.e., trisomy of chromosome 21). Children born with this may have slightly slanted eyes and flatened facial features, a tendancy towards short stature and may be MR.
Nondisjunction An abnormal segregation of chromosomes during meiosis, resulting in gametes receiving two or no copies of a particular chromosome, which upon fertilization can result in monosomy or trisomy of that chromosome.
Adrenoleukodystrophy An inherited disorder in which certain fatty acids accumulate and thereby cause seizures, nervous system degeneration and death in childhood.
Albinism An inherited disorder in which the melanin pigment is not produced in the skin or the hair.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis An inherited disorder that causes the progressive weakining of the muscles, beginning in adulthood.
Dechenne Muscular Dystrophy An inherited disorder in which the lack of the dystrophin protein causes the skeletal muscle cells to collapse, thus destroying muscles.
Huntington Disease An inherited disorder which, upon reaching adulthood, is seen as a loss of coordination, having uncontrollable movements and even personality changes.
Menkes Disease An inherited disorder in which the body cells cannot utilize copper and thus causes twisted hair, weak arteries, scurvy, poor growth, and brain degeneration.
Polydactyly An inherited disorder wherein the person has extra digits (i.e., extra fingers or toes).
Progeria An inherited disorder in which the person appears to go through extreme premature aging during childhood.
Xeroderma Pigmentosum An inherited disorder in which a DNA repair mechanism is missing which leads to freckling and a high risk of getting skin cancer.
Created by: Fogt1989
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