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History midterm
History midterm Crusades
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alexious Comnenus | -Turks enroaching on Byzantine -Byzantine Emporer -contacts pope for help -pope Urban II |
| Pope Urban II | -comes up with concept of crusade -"military pilgrimage" -Help Byzantines -Secure holy Lands -re-unite churches -motto:God wills it! |
| If a Knight goes on Crusade: | -his lands are under protection of Church -gains a plenary indulgence |
| Misconceptions about the Crusades | -not Imperium -Crusaders want to acquire wealth, not true -Crusaders looking for new land to settle, not true |
| 1st Crusade | -1095-1099 -led by Godfrey of Bovillon, Baldwin, and Raymond Toulouse -arrive at Jerusalem -succeed in taking Jerusalem -establish Latin Kingdom at Jerusalem |
| People's Crusade | -led by Peter the Hermit -Disaster |
| 2nd Crusade | -St. Bernard of Clairveaux, main recruiter -King Louis VII of France, brings wife Eleanor of Aquitaine -Holy Emperor Conrad III, fails to retake Damascus and crusade dissipates -Saladin unifies Turks -Wins at battle Hattin -reconquers Jerusalem |
| 3rd Crusade | -Richard (I) the Lion-Hearted (England) -Philip Augustus (France) -Frederick Barbossa (Holy Roman Emporer) -Frederick Barbossa dies on the way -Philip starts attacking Richards land, and goes home -Richard stays, battles to draw, and returns |
| 4th Crusade | -Go to Venice and negotiate with Doge, Enrico Dandolo -ask for ships for 35,000 knights -only about 1/3 of knights show up -can't pay bill -attack city of Zaro who are rebelling to repay Venice, still not enough |
| Pope Innocent III | -excommunicates 4th crusade for attacking Zaro -Zaro has christians in it |
| Alexius Angelus | -nephew of recently deposed Byzantine Emperor -approaches 4th crusaders, says he will pay their bill if they help him regain Byzantine -gains control of Byzantine but can't pay Crusaders -Crusaders sack Constantinople (Byzantine) |
| Children's Crusade | -Stephen of Cloyer |
| 5th Crusade | -urged to come by Italian city-states -gets to Egypt -has some success -but Egyptians flood the Nile Delta Valley |
| 3 Military-Religious Orders Emerge | -Knights Templar -Knights of St. John -Order of St. Mary of Tentons |
| 6th Crusade | -led by Frederick II the Holy Roman Emperor, aka "Stuper Mindi" and Baptized Sultan" -Somewhat meaningful Frederick negotiates safe access for pilgimages |
| 7th Crusade | -led by St. King Louis IX of France -Edward the Longshanks (England) also a participant -ends in famine in Egypt |
| Effects of The Crusades | -Medieval Europe is less provincial -increased trade -monetary system replaces barter -Italy increases in power (5 city-states) -Europe acquires Byzantine and Islamic tech |
Created by:
Baptized Sultan
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