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3.04 Sensory System
NC Health Science I Sensory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sclera | Hard outer white layer of eye; gives the eye structure |
| Choroid | Middle layer of the eye; holds most of the blood vessels |
| Retina | Inner layer of the eye; Holds rods & cones |
| Rods | found on the retina; senses light and dark |
| Cones | found on the retina; senses color |
| Optic Disk | Found on retina; Blind spot |
| Cornea | Clear area of the sclera; Window of the eye; First part of eye for light to go thru |
| Iris | Colored part of the eye; Controls the amount of light that gets to the lens |
| Lens | crystalline structure behind the pupil; focuses images on the retina |
| Optic Nerve | Carries nerve impulses from retina to the brain |
| The process of seeing | Cornea, pupil, lens, retina (rod & cones), optic nerve, brain (occipital lobe) |
| Cataract | Lens becomes cloudy; rx–removal/replacement of lens |
| Color Blindness | Cones are affected, genetic disorder; Ishihara test |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva; "Pink Eye"; caused by bacteria; Rx antibiotic eye drops |
| Detached retina | Medical/Eye Emergency; Retina pulls away from choroid layer; Rx–Surgery |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | Damage to the blood vessels of the retina; causes blindness |
| Glaucoma | Increased pressure in the eye, causing damage to the retina & optic nerve; Rx–eye drops to reduce pressure |
| Macular Degeneration | eye disease; where the macula wears down |
| Myopia | Nearsighted; Rx–laser therapy |
| Hyperopia | Farsighted; Rx–Corrective lens |
| Presbyopia | Old–Sightedness; Rx–Bifocals |
| Astigmatism | Irregular curvature of the cornea=blurry vision; Rx–corrective lenses |
| Pinna/Auricle | Outer Ear; Focus sound waves in to the Ear canal |
| Auditory/Ear Canal | Outer Ear; Carries sound waves to the eardrum |
| Tympanic Membrane | "Eardrum"; Outer Ear; Separates Outer and Middle ear |
| Malleus | Middle Ear; Hammer; First bone, attached to eardrum |
| Incus | Middle Ear; Anvil; Second bone |
| Stapes | Middle Ear; Stirrup; Last bone, connects to oval window |
| Eustachian tube | Middle Ear; Connects Ear and Pharynx (throat); Equalizes air pressure in ear |
| Cochlea | Inner Ear; Holds the organ of Corti; Holds the hearing part of ear |
| Semicircular canals | Inner Ear; Maintain balance or equilibrium |
| The pathway of hearing | Pinna, Ear canal, Tympanic membrane, ossicles (malleus, incus & stapes), cochlea, auditory nerve, Brain (temporal lobe) |
| External otitis | Outer Ear Infection; Rx–ear drops |
| Otitis Media | Middle Infection; Rx–Antibiotics |
| Myringotomy | Create cut in eardrum; "Tubes in Ears"; Used as treatment for Otitis Media |
| Otosclerosis | Stapes get hard and don't move; Tx–stapedectomy–removal and replace of stapes |
| Meniere's Disease | Affects semicircular canals; Causes vertigo (dizziness) |
| Tinnitus | Ringing of the ears; symptom of different ear disorders |
| Presbycusis | Deafness due to the aging process; Tx–hearing aids |
| Conductive hearing loss | Sound waves to inner ear are blocked; Tx–fix the blockage |
| Sensorineural Hearing loss | damage to inner ear/nerve; Tx–Cochlear implants |
| Nasal cavity | Nose, where smell happens |
| Cilia | Nose hair; trap larger dust particles from entering nasal cavity |
| Septum | cartilage that divides the nasal cavity into right and left nares |
| Olfactory bulb | Processes information about odors; one for each hemisphere of the brain |
| Deviated nasal septum | broken nose; blockage of airflow; Tx–surgical correction |
| Nasal polyps | growths in the nasal cavity; has to be removed when they obstruct the nare |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the lining of the nose; "Runny nose"; Tx–treat the cause, allergies, infections, drug |
| Papilla | bumps on the surface of the tongue that contain the taste buds |
| Taste buds | send taste stimuli to cerebral cortex for interpretation |
| Glossitis | Inflammation of the tongue |
| Strawberry tongue | Swollen, red tongue; enlarged taste buds |
| Thrush | oral yeast infection; white lesions of the tongue |
| Sensory functions of the Skin | Detect touch, temperature & pain |
Created by:
jamiesheets1984
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