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3.02 Urinary System
NC Health Science I Urinary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anuria | no urine |
| dialysis | passing blood through a semipermeable membrane |
| diuretic | drug that increases urinary output |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| glycosuria | glucose in the urine |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| micturate | to urinate |
| nocturia | frequent urination at night |
| oliguria | small amount of urine output |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| uremia | presence of urea and waste products in the blood |
| urinate/void | emptying urine from the bladder |
| Kidneys | 2 organs; Located Retroperitoneal; Contain Nephrons |
| Renal Capsule | Outside of Kidney |
| Renal Hilum | Middle part of the kidney; Renal artery & vein enters kidney; Ureter enters kidney |
| Renal pelvis | where urine gathers before entering the ureter |
| Cortex | Outer layer of the kidney |
| Medulla | Inner layer of the kidney |
| Nephron | Functional Unit of the Kidney |
| Bowman's Capsule | Part of Nephron; Surrounds Glomerulus; Filtration by diffusion |
| Glomerulus | Part of Nephron; Ball of blood vessels; Filtration |
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule | Part of Nephron; First part of tube that performs Reabsorption |
| Loop of Henle | Part of Nephron; Middle part of tube that performs Reabsorption |
| Distal Convoluted Tubule | Part of Nephron; Last part of tube that performs Reabsorption |
| Collecting Tubule | Part of Nephron; Responsible for Secretion |
| Ureters | Connects Kidneys to Bladder; Moves urine by Peristalsis |
| Urinary Bladder | Hallow sac that holds urine until released from body |
| Urethra | Tube that carries urine out of the body |
| Urinary Meatus | Opening of the urethra to the outside of the body |
| Excretion of wastes from the body | Main Function of the Urinary System |
| Formation of urine | Happens in the nephron & includes:; Filtration, Reabsorption & Secretion |
| Fluid & Electrolyte Balance | Affected by ADH; If you have too much in the body, leaves body thru urine; If you don't have enough in the body, stays in the body |
| Elimination of urine | Normal Urinary Output=1500mL; Urinalysis=Study urine to measure overall health |
| Cystitis | Inflammation of the Bladder aka Urinary Tract Infection or UTI; Cause=E. Coli; Tx=Antibiotics; **More Women affected due to short urethra |
| Enuresis | Bedwetting; Normal until about the age of 5 |
| Glomerulonephritits | Acute or Chronic Inflammation of the Kidney |
| Incontinence | Inability to control release of urine |
| Renal Calculi | Kidney Stones; Sx=pain, n/v, fever, hematuria; Dx=US or x–ray; Tx=Force Fluids, pain medication or lithotripsy |
| Renal Failure | Kidneys stop functioning; Acute or Chronic; Stages 1–5; Stage 5=dialysis or transplant |
Created by:
jamiesheets1984
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