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Foundations 2

Foundations of U.S. Democracy (Philosophers)

QuestionAnswer
Enlightenment a time period when European thinkers called philosophers began to question traditional ideas about political power and government structure
philosophers thinkers that began to question traditional ideas about political power and government structure, especially the monarchy
John Locke Enlightenment thinker that described natural rights, which inspired Jefferson
natural rights Locke's idea that all human beings are born with the right to life, liberty, and property
state of nature Locke's idea about what life would be like without government -- no rules, no one in charge, and no way for people to protect their natural rights
social contract Locke's idea that government should be based on an agreement between people and government: people give up some freedoms in exchange for the government's protection
Baron de Montesquieu great thinker who believed that government should create laws to protect people's liberty and the government should be divided into parts with distinct rules/roles that could check the power of the other parts
separation of powers the government should be divided into parts and each part has its own purpose/power
Life people want to live and will fight to survive
Liberty (Locke) people want to be as free as possible to make their own decisions
Property people want to own things that help them survive
Liberty (Montesquieu) the peace of mind that comes from being safe which can only happen is everyone follows the laws
Locke's idea about the purpose of government believed government should protect people's natural rights
checks and balances system that allows different parts of the government to limit the powers of the others
Congress makes laws
President enforces laws
Courts interprets laws
Created by: user-1727063
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