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Gov Vocab 2.8-2.9

TermDefinition
Appellate Jurisdiction the authority of a court to review decisions made by lower courts
Attorney General The position of the head of the Justice Department and the Chief law enforcement officer of the USA
Certiorari A formal request by one or more parties in a legal case for the Supreme Court to grant a writ of Certiorari, or to agree to appeal
Federalist 78 By Alexander Hamilton, In Defense of judicial review and the importance of an Independent Judiciary
Judicial review The power of the Supreme Court to review and declare unconstitutionality on the other branches of gov
Marbury v. Madison Established the principle of judicial review. John Adams commissioned Marbury as a justice but Jefferson and Madison refused. Madison sues and the Supreme Court declares they can determine unconstitutionality
Original jurisdiction The authority to hear a case for the first time
U.S. District Court A trial court in the federal court system that hears most federal civil and criminal cases. Trial courts created by Congress, 94 districts, 700 total justices
U.S. Circuit Court Serves as higher courts that review decisions made by lower courts. Created by Congress, 11 regional courts, 200 total justices, takes appeals from district courts.
U.S. Supreme Court Highest court in the USA, Interprets the Constitution, Protects civil rights, ensures equal justice. Takes appeals from circuits and top state courts.
Binding Precedent A legal ruling established by a higher court that lower courts within the same jurisdiction are obligated to follow when deciding similar cases
Persuasive Precedent A legal decision that a court can consider when making a ruling, but it is not required to follow it.
Stare Decisis A legal doctrine that requires courts to follow the principles of previous decisions when deciding similar cases. "To Stand by things"
Precedent a ruling firmly establishes a legal principle
John Roberts Chief Justice of the USA
Created by: JuliR
Popular American Government sets

 

 



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