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Body Systems
Structures & its functions
| Structure | Function |
|---|---|
| Muscular System | Muscles |
| Urinary System | Rids of liquids |
| Respiratory System | Breathing/lungs |
| Digestive System | Breaks down food |
| Endocrine System | Glands that produce hormones |
| Reproductive System | Organs that regulate birth process |
| Skeletal System | Bones, joints, cartilage |
| Lymphatic System | Rids of body toxins/waste |
| Integumentary System | Provide barrier between external and internal environment, barrier to infection |
| Nervous System | Nerves, brain, spinal cord |
| Cardiovascular/Circulatory System | Deliver oxygen and nutrients to body |
| Immune System | Fight harmful substances |
| Kidneys | filter blood & create urine (U) |
| Ureters | carry urine from kidneys to bladder (U) |
| Bladder | store & release urine (U) |
| Urethra | tube that allows urine to leave body (U) |
| Epiglottis | prevent food/liquids from entering the trachea (RS) |
| Trachea | passageway that carry air in & out of lungs (RS) |
| Larynx | house vocal cords, 3 parts: epiglottis, glottis, subglottis (RS) |
| Lungs | facilitate gas exchange, O2 in CO2 out (RS) |
| Diaphragm | muscle expands/flattens to help inhale/exhale (RS) |
| Pleural Lining | membrane that lines lungs & chest wall (RS) |
| Glottis | opens to allow air to flow in & out (RS) |
| Esophagus | move food/liquid from mouth to stomach (D) |
| Stomach | breaks down foods with acids & enzymes (D) |
| Duodenum | transform partially digested foods into nutrients (D) |
| Jejunum | absorbs nutrients (D) |
| Ileum | absorbs vitamin B12 & bile salts (D) |
| Cecum | move waste from small int. to ascending colon (D) |
| Ascending colon | absorb salt & electrolytes that remain undigested (D) |
| Transverse colon | absorb water & nutrients (D) |
| Descending colon | solidify and store waste (D) |
| Sigmoid | move stool to rectum (D) |
| Gallbladder | stores bile made by liver to break down fat, released into duodenum (D) |
| Pancreas (exocrine/digestive) | make enzymes (pancreatic juice) to break down carbs, fats, and protein in the duodenum (D) |
| Liver | produce bile for fat digestion (D) |
| Thyroid Gland | produce hormones & regulate metabolism (E) |
| Pancreas (endocrine function) | produce hormone insulin, regulate blood sugar levels (E) |
| Ovaries | produce eggs (ova) for fertilization, produce hormones: estrogen & progesterone (RP:F) |
| Fimbriae | catch egg that one of the ovaries release during ovulation each month (RP:F) |
| Oviduct | tube that carries egg from ovary to uterus (RP:F) |
| Uterus | nourish & place of growth of a fertilized egg (RP:F) |
| Cervix | passageway from uterus to vagina for sperm, menstrual flow, and baby (RP:F) |
| Uterine horn | help transport sperm to oviducts (RP:F) |
| Testes | produce sperm, produce hormone: testosterone (RP:M) |
| Epididymis | tube that store sperm, to mature/learn to swim (RP:M) |
| Vas Deferens | tube that carries sperm from epididymis to urethra (RP:M) |
| Prostate Gland | produce fluid that nourish & transport sperm (RP:M) |
| Seminal Vesicle | produce fluid that makes up sperm (RP:M) |
| Bulbourethral Gland | lubricate urethra for ejaculation (RP:M) |
| Ejaculatory Duct | carries sperm urethra, it's where vas deferens & duct of seminal vesicle join (RP:M) |
| Clitoris | provide sexual pleasure (RP:F) |
| Urogenital Sinus | in embryos the formation of urinary & genital tracts |
| Scrotal Sac | protect testes (RP:M) |
| Thymus (lymphatic) | makes & trains T-cells (white blood cells) (L) |
| Thymus (endocrine) | produce hormone thymosin, (stimulate development/maturation of T-cells) (L) |
| Spleen | rid of old RBC, fights pathogens in blood (L) |
| Heart | pump blood & deliver oxygen throughout the body |
| Aeorta | largest artery carries blood from heart |
| Pericardium | cushion & protect heart/blood vessels |
| Right atrium | deoxygenated blood from superior & inferior vena cava through tricuspid valve |
| Right ventricle | deoxygenated blood through pulmonary valve |
| Pulmonary Trunk | major vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from RV to lungs |
| Pulmonary arteries | branches that carry blood from heart to lungs |
| Pulmonary vein | carry oxygenated blood from lungs to LA |
| Left atrium | oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins to mitral valve |
| Left ventricle | oxygenated blood through aortic valve |
| Umbilical arteries | carry deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta |
Created by:
jgaspar1307
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