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Nervous System Exam

QuestionAnswer
The hindbrain is also known as the _____ rhombencephalon
Which cranial nerve abduct the eye using lateral rectus muscle abducens
Association of brain areas that process emotions and behavior limbic system
Which cranial nerve controls swallowing glossopharyngeal
Neuronal process that transmits signals away from the cell body axon
Which cranial nerve moves the eye inferiorly and laterally trochlear
Which cranial nerve controls the sternocleidomastoid muscle accessory
Where is the primary visual cortex occipital lobe
Which cranial nerve innervates most abdominal organs vagus
Which glia cell myelinates the CNS neuronal axons oligodendrocyte
Which cranial nerve controls tongue muscles hypoglossal
Which glia cell myelinates the PNS neuronal axons neurolemmocyte
Which cranial nerve controls looking up, down, and crossing eyes oculomotor
What is the blood-filled space between the periosteal and meningeal layer of the dura mater venous sinus
The forebrain is also known as the _______ prosencephalon
Where is the primary gustatory cortex insula lobe
Which cranial nerve controls your sense of sight optic
Where is the primary auditory cortex temporal lobe
Which cranial nerve controls chewing and facial sensations trigeminal
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex parietal lobe
Glial cell that form cerebrospinal fluid ependymal
The midbrain is also known as the _______ mesencephalon
Which cranial nerve controls the sense of smell olfactory
Where is the primary motor cortex frontal lobe
Which cranial nerve controls facial expression facial
The central nervous system consists of _____ & ________ Brain and spinal cord
What neurons transmits commands from the CNS Efferent neurons
Neuronal process that transmits signals toward the cell body dendrites
Which cranial nerve controls hearing and balance vestibulocochlear
transmits information to the CNS afferent neurons
Collection of axons in PNS that are wrapped in connective tissue Nerve
Cluster of neuron cell bodies located along a nerve ganglion
cell "receptor" dendrite
non excitable cells that primarily support and protect neurons glial cells
What are the glial cells in the CNS? astrocytes, ependymal, microglia, and oligodendrocytes
What are the glial cells in the PNS? satellite and neurolemmocytes
process by which an axon is wrapped with myelin myelination
What myelinates the CNS axons? oligodendrocytes
What myelinates the PNS axons? neurolemmocytes
short-lived electrical signals due to opening of chemically gated channels. *diffusion driven graded potential
self-propagating electrical signals by sequential opening of voltage-sensitive channels action potential
axons and their myelin sheath nerve fiber
what are the two receptors that ACh bind to? nicotinic and muscarinic
Which glial cells help produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid? ependymal cells
What events occurs first as an action potential is generated? Voltage-gated sodium (Na) channels open
Which glial cell helps with the blood-brain barrier? Astrocytes
Which lobe is the primary hearing cortex? temporal
which lobe is the primary vision cortex? occipital
What does the hypothalamus monitor? food, water, and body temp
What are the hormones that control the release of other hormones trophic hormones
What is known as the homeostatic control center? hypothalamus
pathways from cerebellum is known as _____ peduncle
Where is body sensory info crossed over in the brain? pyramids
What does gray matter consist of? dendrites and cell bodies
What is the function of gray matter? processing and integrating information
What does white matter consist of? bundles of myelinated axons
What is the function of white matter? relaying nerve signals to and from gray matter
What does cranial meninges consist of? pia, arachnoid, and dura mater
What is the cranial dural septa? folds of dura mater that stabilize brain's position
What in the brain is fluid-filled? All 4 ventricles and cerebral aqueduct
What is cerebrospinal fluid? clear fluid produced continuously within the brain that provides buoyancy, protection, and a stable environment for brain and spinal cord
What produces cerebrospinal fluid in ventricles? choroid plexus
What is the choroid plexus formed from? ependymal cells and capillaries
What separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres? longitudinal fissure
Where is the primary motor cortex? frontal lobe
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex? parietal lobe
What does the limbic system control? memory and emotional behavior
What forms spinal nerves? anterior root + posterior root
What is a nerve plexus? network of interwoven anterior rami
What is a reflex? rapid, programmed response of muscle and glands to a stimulus
Which roots are considered sensory posterior roots
which roots are considered motor anterior roots
What does the somatic system control? motor output to control skeletal muscle
What does the autonomic system control? involuntary motor output to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands
What are the two divisions of the autonomic system? Parasympathetic and sympathetic
What is the parasympathetic known for "rest and digest"
Where is the origin of the parasympathetic system? top and bottom of CNS
What is the sympathetic known for fight or flight
Where is the origin of the sympathetic system middle of CNS
Which neuron releases norepinephrine 2nd sympathetic neuron
What is the most numerous type of sensory receptors? Tactile receptors
What are the two types of tactile receptors? encapsulated and unecapsulated
What is referred pain? pain perceived as if it originates in the skin but is actually from an internal organ
What are the 5 taste sensations? sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
What nerves perceive taste? Facial and glossopharyngeal nerves
What is the conjectiva? membrane that covers anterior surface of sclera and internal eyelid but NOT the cornea
What is the bending of light rays referred as refraction
Where does the refraction of light occur? cornea and lens
What activates rods? dim light and no color
what activates cones bright light and color
Created by: julie.russell
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