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nwc predictor test
st430 A&P Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which of the following steroids is an androgen? | testosterone |
| a deficiency of insulin causes | hyperglycemia |
| insulin | is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of langerhans |
| a patient has been receiving a large dose of prednisone for the relief of arthritic pain for 6 months. he suddenly stops taking his medication. what is the most serious concern? | he will develop an acute adrenal insufficiency |
| myxedema, graves' disease, and cretinism are | disorders of the thyroid gland |
| which of the following hormones exerts negative feedback control on the secretion of ACTH? | cortisol |
| steroids | include the glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. |
| glucocorticoids | all is applicable |
| the pancreas | secrets hormones that affect blood glucose levels |
| which of the following hormones is found within the hypophyseal-hypothalamic portal capillaries? | releasing hormones |
| the bones, kidneys, and intestine are target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone. | PTH |
| which group is incorrect? | steroids: cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, epinephrine. |
| what do the following hormones have in common: growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine? all: | raise blood glucose |
| hypocalcemic tetany: | develops in response to a deficiency of parathyroid activity |
| TSH: | is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, |
| what is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone? | low blood volume and hypotension |
| what is the most critical need for the child with newly diagnosed cretinism? | replacement dose of thyroid hormones |
| why is the posterior pituitary gland called the neurohypophysis? | the posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus |
| PTH activates vitamin d, which aids in the absorption of: | calcium |
| calcitonin and parathyroid hormone: | control plasma levels of calcium |
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin: | are secreted by the neurohypophysis |
| this cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the "biological clock" | pineal |
| identify the hormones that are secreted by these glands: adrenal cortex, pancreas, and adenohypophysis | cortisol, insulin, growth hormone |
| a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla | is called a pheochromocytoma |
| lactogenic hormone: | stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk |
| the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels is | insulin |
| insulin, cortisol, thyroxine, and oxytocin: | are hormones |
| ACTH, TSH, and gonadotropins are | tropic hormones |
| insulin and glucagon | are secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose |
| which of the following is most responsive to treatment with thyroxine? | myxedema |
| which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone? | ADH |
| enlargement of the thyroid gland | is called a goiter |
| which of the following posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine? | ADH |
| the person with _______is most likely to receive insulin therapy | hyperglycemia |
| t3, t4 and calcitonin are | secreted by the thyroid gland |
| which gland secretes TSH, ACTH, and growth hormone? | anterior pituitary gland |
| which of the following is true of both prolactin and oxytocin? both | are concerned with lactation |
| the anterior pituitary gland: | is connected to the hypothalamus by the portal capillaries |
| which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone? | it increases plasma levels of calcium |
| excess secretion of epinephrine | elevates blood glucose levels |
| cushing syndrome | may be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy |
| glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine | raise blood glucose levels |
| virilization is characterized by | excess facial hair |
| as plasma levels of calcium decrease | the parathyroid glands secrete an osteoclastic hormone |
| PTH: | stimulates osteoclastic activity |
| the adenohypophysis | refers to the anterior pituitary gland |
| which of the following is characterized by excess urine production resulting in low blood volume? | diabetes insipidus |
| the hypersecretion of which hormone is least likely to cause hyperglycemia? | insulin |
| cretinism, myxedema, and graves' disease are all | disorders of thyroid gland function |
| which of the following is concerned with "sugar, salt, and sex"? | glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen |
| ACTH stimulates the | adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol |
| the adrenal medulla | is associated with the fight or flight response |
| insulin | all is applicable |
| excessive eating despite plenty of glucose in the blood is called | polyphagia |
| which of the following is not a function of insulin? | simulating hepatic gluconeogenesis |
| which of the following is descriptive of prolactin? | also called lactogenic hormone |
| the neurohypophysis | is the posterior pituitary gland |
| the secretion of this gland enhances a sympathetic response | adrenal medulla |
| which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms? | pineal gland |
| the melting of flesh into urine, an old-timey name, is most descriptive of untreated: | diabetes mellitus |
| what two effects does PTH exert on the kidneys? | increases calcium reabsorption and increases the excretion of phosphate in the urine |
| ketoacidosis is most related to | excess fatty acid catabolism |
| epinephrine (adrenaline) increases blood glucose by | stimulating the hepatic conversion of glycogen into glucose |
| a hormone that suppresses gluconeogenesis | prevents hyperglycemia |
| iodine-containing hormones | regulate the metabolic rate |
| abrupt, sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol) is most likely to cause | acute adrenal insufficiency |
| ketosis and acidosis are | indicative of a rapid and incomplete metabolism of fatty acids |
| iodine, colloid, and goiter refer to which gland? | thyroid |
| which of the following is least characteristic of the function of insulin? | increases the generation of ketone bodies |
| testosterone is best described as | virilizing |
| glucagon | is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose |
| an excess of thyroid hormones produces hyperthyroidism, a speeded-up metabolic state that is known as | graves' disease |
| which gland secretes two hormones, one that elevates blood glucose levels and another that decreases blood glucose levels? | pancreas |
| which of the following is most likely to cause the secretion of calcitonin? | elevated plasma calcium level |
| which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP? | second chemical messenger |
| oxytocin | is a neurohypophyseal hormone that stimulates the uterine muscle to contract, thereby assisting in labor |
| a deficiency of ADH most likely | induces polyuria |
| this adrenal cortical mineralocorticoid helps regulate salt and water balance | aldosterone |
| identify the glands that secrete theses hormones: glucagon, PTH, and TSH. | pancreas, parathyroid, anterior pituitary |
| hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, and acidosis are | most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin |
| the beta cells of the islets of langerhans | are insulin secreting pancreatic cells |
| a deficiency of dietary iodine | causes a goiter |
| estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone | are secreted by the gonads |
| which gland is associated with "sugar, salt and sex"? | adrenal cortex |
| "sugar, salt, and sex" is descriptive of | cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone |
| which of the following suppress the secretion of ACTH? | elevated plasma cortisol levels |
| the secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland suppresses further secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland. what is this interaction called? | negative feedback control |
| which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium? | secretion of PTH |
| bronzing: | is characteristic of chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency (addison's disease) |
| which of the following is the most important effect of somatotropic hormone? | growth of the musculoskeletal system |
| hyperglycemia | causes glucosuria and polyuria |
| this hormone stimulates osteoclastic activity, causing bone resorption | PTH |
| which of the following structures connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis? | portal capillaries |
| iodine is | necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones |
| which of the following is descriptive of the adrenal cortex? | it is the target gland of ACTH |
| growth hormone | all is applicable |
| which of the following best describes the function of insulin? | lowers blood glucose levels |
| identify the glands associated with these hormones: gonadotropins, aldosterone, and epinephrine | anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla. |
| what is the stimulus for the release of insulin? | high plasma levels of glucose |
| which of the following is true of the hypothalamus? | secretes releasing hormones into the portal capillaries |
| which of the following is not under direct control of the pituitary gland? | parathyroid secretion of PTH |
| thyroxine: | is T4 |
| obesity: | all is applicable |
| hypoclacemic tetany: | may be caused by a deficiency of PTH |
| t3 and t4 | regulate the basal metabolic rate |
| cushing syndrome and addison's disease are | disorders of the adrenal cortex |
| which group is incorrect? | hormones of the anterior pituitary gland: ACTH, prolactin, TSH, oxytocin |
| portal capillaries carry releasing hormones from the brain to the: | anterior pituitary gland |
| aldosterone | is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex |
| which of the following is least associated with the adrenal medulla? | sugar, salt, and sex |
| catecholamines: | include epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine |
| which of the following is least descriptive of the hypothalamus? | secretes ACTH, TSH, and gonadotropins |
Created by:
editsuchan
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