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a/p lab
vertebral column and trunk
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the joints between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae have limited movement, so they are classified as __________ based on their degree of movement. | amphiarthrotic |
| anatomically the joints between adjacent vertebral bodies fall under the broad category of ___________ joints; specifically, they are ___________ joints and include a pad or disk comprised pimarily of ________________ | cartilaginous; symphasis; fibrocartilage |
| the feature on the superior end of the sternum is the ___________ and that on the inferior end is the ___________ _______________ | manubrium; xiphoid process |
| facets on the ribs articulate with facets on the thoracic vertebrae to form a specific type of synovial joint called a _________ joint. based on the degree of movement possible these are classified as _____________ joints | plane; diarthrotic |
| the muscles between adjacent ribs that act to depress the ribs are the ___________ ____________ | internal intercostals |
| the muscle of the abdominal region that originates on the lower 6 ribs and iliac crest is the __________ _________. the fibers of this muscle are oriented horizontally. | transversus abdominis |
| a narrow, ridge-like projection of a bone is called a __________. on the illium, this feature serves as the insertion for the external oblique muscle. | crest |
| the muscle that seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity is the ________ | diaphragm |
| thoracic vertebrae are the only vertebrae with _______ facets for ribs | costal |
| the muscle of the abdominal regoin that originates on the lower 8 ribs and acts to compress the abdomen is the _________ _________. the fibers of this muscle are oriented at an angle | external oblique |
| the atlas makes a __________ type of synovial joint with the occipital bone | condylar |
| the errector spinae consists of three muscle groups: the lateral or ______________ group, the intermediate or ___________, and the medial or _________ group. all have their origin _________ their insertion so as to maintain upright posture, | iliocostal; longissimus; spinalis; below |
| the sternum and first rib are held together by _________ cartilage and form a specific type of cartilaginous joint called a __________. based on its degree of movement, this is an example of a _________ joint. | hyaline; symphasis; synarthrotic |
| small, flattened features of the first thoracic vertebrae, specifically the _____________ ___________ ______ articulate with the _________ ____________ __________ on the seventh cervical vertebrae | superior articular facets; inferior articular facets |
| the muscle between adjacent ribs that act to eleveate the ribs are the _________ ________ | external intercostals |
| the muscle of the abdominal region that inserts on to ribs 5-7 and the xiphoid process is the __________ _________. the fibers of this muscle are oriented vertically | rectus abdominis |
| when classifying bones based on shape, ribs, the sternum, and the ilium are all classified as ______ bones | flat |
| compared to other vertebrae, the _________ ___________ of lumbar vertebrae project laterally and the __________ __________ is nearly horizontal | transverse processes; spinous process |
| the _____ ______ muscle acts to flex the trunk when the lesser trochanter of the femur acts as the origin. if the lesser trochanter acts as the insertion, however, this muscle acts to flex the hip. | psos major |
| the opening through which the spinal cord passes in all vertebrae is called the ___________ foramen | vertebral |
| a thorn-like projection on the posterior region of a typical vertebrae is called the ______ ________. the same feature is also found on the scapula | spinous process |
| cervical vertebrae are the only vertebrae with the __________ foramina | transverse |
| when classifiying bones based on their shape, all the vertebrae are classified as ______________ bones | irregular |
| a pair of _______ _________ project laterally and slightly posteriorly from each typical cervical and thorcic vertebrae. | transverse processes |
| moving a body part around a cenral axis is called ________. this is the only movement possible at the pivot joint formed between the _________ _________ and the _____/__________ _________ of the axis | rotaion;fovea dentis; dens/odontoid process |
| the muscle of the abdominal region that inserts on the lower 3 ribs, pubis, and linea alba is the ________ ______. the fibers of this muscle are oriented at an angle. | internal oblique |
| ORIGIN- xiphoid process, ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae INSERTION- central tendon ACTION- enlarges thorax by depressing floor of thoracic cavity during inhalation | diaphragm |
| ORIGIN- inferior border of ribs INSERTION- superior border of the ribs (below origin) ACTIONS-elevates ribs during inhalation | external intercostals |
| ORIGIN- lower 8 ribs INSERTION-iliac crest, linea alba ACTION- compresses abdomen; flexes and rotates vertebral column | external oblique |
| ORIGIN- iliac crest, all ribs INSERTION- ribs or transverse processes ~6 vertebrae above origin ACTION- rotates, extends trunk and neck | iliocostalis (lateral) group |
| ORIGIN- superior border of ribs INSERTION- inferior border of ribs (above origin) ACTION- depresses ribs during exhalation | internal intercostals |
| ORIGIN- iliac crest INSERTION- lower 3-4 ribs, pubis, linea alba ACTION- compresses abdomen; flexes and rotates vertebral column | internal oblique |
| ORIGIN- transverse processes T and L vertebrae INSERTIONS- transverse processes ~12 vertebrae above origin, ribs, mastiod process ACTION- rotates and extends trunk and neck | longissimus (intermediate) group |
| ORIGIN- lesser trochanter of femur INSERTION- transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae ACTION- flexes trunk | psos major |
| ORIGIN- pubis, pubic symphysis INSERTION- ribs 5-7, xyphoid process ACTION- compresses abdomen; flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis |
| ORIGIN- spinous processes upper L, lower T vertebrae INSERTION- spinous processes upper T, all C vertebrae, occipital bone ACTION-extends trunk | spinalis (medial) group |
| ORIGIN- lower 6 ribs, iliac crest, lumbar vertebrae INSERTION- pubis, linea alba, xiphoid process ACTION- compresses abdomen; flexes and rotates verebral column | transversus abdominis |
| erector spinae= ___________ + ______________ + ___________ | iliocostalis group; longissimus group; spinalis group |
Created by:
allijeli
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