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Back Lecture

Gross Anatomy of the Back

QuestionAnswer
7 Ligaments of Spinal Column Anterior Longitudinal, Posterior Longitudinal, Ligamentum Flavum, Ligamentum Nuchae, Intertransverse, Interspinous, Supraspinous
Thoracic Skeleton Sternum, Ribs (1-7 are true, 8-10 are false, 11-12 are floating), Costal Cartilage, Thoracic Vertebrae
Rib Components Costal Angle, Costal Groove, Head, Neck, Articular Tubercle, Facets
Vertebrae Basic Osteology Body, 2 Pedicles, 2 Laminae, Spinous Process, Transverse Processes, Superior/Inferior Articular Facets, Vertebral Foramen, Intervertebral Foramen
Sacral Osteology Promontory, Ala, Auricular Surface, Coccyx
Superficial Extrinsic Back Muscles Trapezius and Latissimus Dorsi
Intermediate Extrinsic Back Muscles Serratus Posterior Superior/Inferior, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Major/Minor
Superficial Intrinsic Back Muscles Splenius Capitis and Splenius Cervicis
Intermediate Intrinsic Back Muscles Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis
Deep Intrinsic Back Muscles Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores
Intersegmental Intrinsic Back Muscles Transversospinales
Suboccipital Intrinsic Back Muscles Rectus Capitis Posterior Major/Minor and Oblique Capitis Inferior/Superior
Muscles of Suboccipital Triangle Oblique Capitis Superior/Inferior and Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Contents of Suboccipital Triangle Vertebral Artery and Suboccipital Nerve
Trapezius Prox. Medial 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line, External Occipital Protuberance, Ligamentum Nuchae, and Spinous Processes of C7-C12
Trapezius Dist. Clavicle, Acromion, Scapular Spine
Trapezius Act. Scapular Elevation/Depression and Scapular AD/ABduction
Trapezius Inn. Spinal Root of Accessory Nerve and C3-C4
Latissimus Dorsi Prox. Spinous Processes of T6-L5, Thoracolumbar Fascia, Sacrum, Iliac Crest, Lower 3 Ribs
Latissimus Dorsi Dist. Floor of Intertubercular Groove
Latissimus Dorsi Act. ADduction, Extension, and IR of Arm
Latissimus Dorsi Inn. Thoracodorsal Nerve
Levator Scapulae Prox. Transverse Processes of C1-C4
Levator Scapulae Dist. Superior Border and Angle of Scapula
Levator Scapulae Act. Elevation and Downward Rotation of Scapula
Levator Scapulae Inn. Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Rhomboid Major Prox. Spinous Processes of T2-T5
Rhomboid Minor Prox. Spinous Processes of C7-T1
Rhomboids Dist. Vertebral Border of Scapula
Rhomboids Act. Elevation, Retraction, and Downward Rotation of Scapula
Rhomboids Inn. Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Serratus Posterior Inferior Prox. Aponeurosis of T11-L3 and Supraspinal Ligament
Serratus Posterior Inferior Dist. Lower border of 9th-12th ribs
Serratus Posterior Inferior Act. Depress Lower Ribs (Expiration)
Serratus Posterior Inferior Inn. Intercostal Nerves
Serratus Posterior Superior Prox. Upper Borders of 2nd-5th Ribs
Serratus Posterior Superior Dist. Aponeurosis of Ligamentum Nuchae, Spinous Processes of C7-T2, and Supraspinal Ligament
Serratus Posterior Superior Act. Elevate Ribs (Inspiration)
Serratus Posterior Superior Inn. 2-5 Intercostal Nerves
Splenius Cervicis Prox. Lower Ligamentum Nuchae, Spinous Processes of Upper Thoracic Vertebrae
Splenius Cervicis Dist. Transverse Processes of Upper Cervical Vertebrae
Splenius Cervicis Act. Extension of head/neck, Side Bending, and Same-Side Rotation
Splenius Cervicis Inn. Dorsal Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves
Splenius Capitis Prox. Lower half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
Splenius Capitis Dist. Mastoid Process
Splenius Capitis Act. Extension of Head/Neck, Side Bending and Same-Side Rotation
Splenius Capitis Inn. Dorsal Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves
Iliocostalis Lumborum Prox. Iliac Crest
Iliocostalis Thoracis Prox. Lower 6 Ribs
Iliocostalis Cervicis Prox. Upper 6 Ribs
Iliocostalis Lumborum Dist. Lower 6 Ribs
Iliocostalis Thoracis Dist. Upper 6 Ribs
Iliocostalis Cervicis Dist. Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae
Iliocostalis Group Action Extension and Side Bending
Iliocostalis Innervation Dorsal Rami
Longissimus Thoracis Prox. Sacrum and Transverse Processes of Lumbar Vertebrae
Longissimus Cervicis Prox. Transverse Processes of Thoracic Vertebrae
Longissimus Capitis Prox. Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae
Longissimus Thoracis Dist. Transverse Processes of Thoracis Vertebrae
Longissimus Cervicis Dist. Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae
Longissimus Capitis Dist. Mastoid Process
Longissimus Act. Extension and Side Bending...Capitis Rotates Head
Spinalis Prox. Spinous Processes
Spinalis Dist. Spinous Processes
Spinalis Act. Extension
Spinalis Inn. Dorsal Rami (Same as ALL Erector Spinae)
Semispinalis Thoracis Prox. Transverse Processes of T7-T12
Semispinalis Cervicis Prox. Transverse Processes of T1-T6
Semispinalis Capitis Prox. Transverse Processes of C4-T6
Semispinalis Thoracis Dist. Spinous Processes of C6-T12
Semispinalis Cervicis Dist. Spinous Processes of C2-C5
Semispinalis Capitis Dist. Occipital Bone
Semispinalis Act. Extension and Opposite Side Rotation
Semispinalis Inn. Dorsal Rami
Multifidus Prox. Sacrum, Iliac Crest, and Transverse Processes
Multifidus Dist. All Spinous Processes
Multifidus Act. Extension and Opposite Side Rotation
Multifidus Inn. Dorsal Rami
Rotatores Prox. Transverse Processes
Rotatores Dist. All Spinous Processes
Rotatores Act. Extension and Opposite Side Rotation
Rotatores Inn. Dorsal Rami
RCP Major Prox. Spine of Axis
RCP Major Dist. Lateral inferior nuchal line
RCP Major Act. Extension of Head and Same Side Rotation
RCP Major Inn. C1 Dorsal Ramus
RCP Minor Prox. Posterior Aspect of Atlas
RCP Minor Dist. Medial Inferior Nuchal Line
RCP Minor Act. Head Extension
RCP Minor Inn. C1 Dorsal Ramus
Oblique Capitis Inferior Prox. Spine of Atlas
Oblique Capitis Inferior Dist. Transverse Process of Atlas
Oblique Capitis Inferior Act. Same Side Head Rotation
Oblique Capitis Superior Prox. Transverse Process of Atlas
Oblique Capitis Superior Dist. Occiput btwn. Superior/Inferior Nuchal Line
Oblique Capitis Superior Act. Extension and Side Bending of Head
Created by: frankfrank05
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