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Madeline Baker
Anatomy weeks 1-5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Proximal | Toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or nearest the point of origin of one of its parts |
| Plasma membrane | Phospholipid bilayer reinforced with cholesterol and embedded with proteins and other organic molecules. Serves as the boundary of the cell, maintains its integrity; protein molecules embedded in plasma membrane perform various functions |
| Absorption | a process in which something takes in liquid, gas, or heat. Movement of molecules, such as respiratory gases or digested nutrients, through a membrane and into the body fluids for transport to cells for use |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of interconnecting flexible filaments, stiff tubules, and molecular motors within the cell. Supporting framework of the cell and its organelles. |
| Epidermis Layers (5 stratums) | Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum and Stratum Corneum. |
| Organelle | “Little organs" of the cell. |
| Phosphorylating enzymes | These add or remove phosphate groups and are known as phosphorylases or phosphatases. |
| Hydrolyzing enzymes, or hydrolases | Digestive enzymes belong to this group. The hydrolyzing enzymes are named after the substrate acted on—for example, lipase, sucrase, and maltase. |
| Distal | “Away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part.” |
| Axial skeleton | This includes 74 bones that form the upright axis of the body and 6 tiny middle ear bones. |
| Appendicular skeleton | consists of 126 bones. Bones of the appendicular skeleton form the appendages to the axial skeleton: the shoulder girdles, arms, forearms, wrists, and hands and the hip girdles, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet. |
| internal and external intercostal muscles | Attach to the ribs at different places, and their fibers are oriented in different directions. |
| Rectus abdominis | This abdominal muscle compresses the abdominal cavity, aids in straining, defecation, forced expiration, childbirth; abdominal muscles are antagonists of the diaphragm, relaxing as it contracts and vice versa. Flexes trunk. |
| Diaphysis | (in long bone) main shaft like portion. Its hollow, cylindrical shape and the thick compact bone provides strong support without adding cumbersome weight. |
| Epiphyses | The proximal and distal ends of a long bone. Epiphyses have a bulbous shape that provides generous space near joints for muscle attachments and also gives stability to joints. |
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MIBaker
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