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A&P II test 2

QuestionAnswer
(t/f) Capillary walls consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, and they exchange substances in the blood for substances in the tissue fluid surrounding body cells. true
(t/f) arteries are strong, elastic vessels that carry blood to the heart false
(t/f) SA nodes relays nerve impulses into the AV bundle of the interventricular septum, and the AV node is responsible for the rhythmic contractions of the heart false
(t/f) blood flow through a capillary is controlled by a precapillary sphincter, which opens or closes due to the requirements of the cells supplied by the capillary true
(t/f) osmotic pressure forces molecules in the blood out through capillary walls false
circulation is vital because it... supplies oxygen and nutrients to and removes wastes from tissues
when the ventricular walls contract,... the mitral and tricuspid valves close
the loose-fitting sac around the heart is the... fibrous pericardium
the right atria recieves blood directly from... the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
mitral valve... permits one way blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk
P wave depolarization of the atria
most life threatening ventricular fibrillation
what holds the greatest volume of blood vein
water and dissolved substances leave the arteriole end of a capillary due to... and enters the venule end of a capillary due to... hydrostatic pressure being higher than osmotic pressure osmotic pressure being higher than hyrostatic pressure
when smooth muscles in the walls of the arteries are stimulated to contract... blood pressure increases
what helps return blood to the heart contracting skeletal muscles
factors that increase heart rate and blood pressure include emotional responses, exercise, increase in body temperature
when a person's pulse is taken by palpation near the thumb on the wrist, what artery is felt? radial artery
heart rate in fetus... heart rate in newborn... heart rate in adult... 145 140 70
a sphygmomanometer measures... blood pressure
(t/f) lymphatic capillaries are thin-walled, closed-ended tubes true
(t/f) muscle contraction moves lymph through lymphatic vessels true
(t/f) older red blood cells may be destroyed in the spleen true
(t/f) normal immune responses require t and b lymphocytes true
(t/f) in active immunity, a person becomes immune to a pathogen as a result of having a disease true
disease-causing agents are... pathogens
fluid is kept from accumulating in tissue spaces by the... lymphatic system
the structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to that of a... vein
the formation of lymph increases as a result of... increasing hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid
lymph differs from plasma in that... plasma has more protein than lymph
primary function of lymph include... returning proteins to the bloodstream and transporting foreign particles to the lymph nodes
functions of lymphatic system - returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream - protecting the body against infection - transporting the products of lipid digestion from the intestine to the liver
the lymph nodes of the axillary region receive lymph mainly from the... upper limb and mammary gland
cells in a lymph node that engulf and destroy damaged cells, foreign substances, and cellular debris are... macrophages
innate defenses are... fast and non-specific
a virus differs from other pathogens in that it is... not capable of reproduction outside of a living cell
marsha gets a splinter in her finger. what is her body's response to any microbe that might try to enter her body as a result of the splinter breaking the skin? innate defense
what are mechanical barriers against microorganisms? saliva, urine, tears
cells that are primarily responsible for immunity... lymphocytes and macrophages
t-lymphocytes are responsible for... cell-mediated immunity
what are cytokines? colony stimulating factors, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor
following a primary immune response, the cells that give rise to memory cells are... both b and t cells
cytotoxic t cells destroy... cancer cells and virus-containing cells
in an autoimmune disease, immune response is directed toward... cells of the body "self"
an antigen is... an antibody is... - a foreign substance such as a protein or polysaccharide to which lymphocytes respond - a globular protein that reacts with an antigen to eliminate the antigen
Created by: KimBriann
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