Question 1

Language Function
Q: What does it mean that languages are productive?

Accepted Answer

A: Languages are productive, meaning that users can create an infinite number of new sentences. Students can produce sentences they have never seen or heard before.

Question 2

Language Function
Q: What do language users in a community share?

Accepted Answer

A: A community of language users shares a common set of rules.

Question 3

Language Function
Q: How do languages vary geographically?

Accepted Answer

A: Languages vary geographically, meaning that different regions or populations may use different dialects or variations of the same language.

Question 4

Language Function
Q: What are the three major dimensions of language?

Accepted Answer

A: The three major dimensions of language are form, function, and use.

Question 5

Language Function
Q: What are the two levels of structure in language?

Accepted Answer

A: Language has structure at the sentence level and at the discourse level, with rules for use at each structure.

Question 6

Language Function
Q: How do the meanings of words in language change?

Accepted Answer

A: Words in language often have multiple meanings, which are best learned in the context of discourse. Their meanings can change depending on the sentence and discourse context.

Question 7

Language Function
Q: What is the difference between language and speech?

Accepted Answer

A: Language is a system of communication using rules and symbols, whereas speech refers to the act of speaking and producing sounds.

Question 8

Language Function
Q: What is the difference between language and communication?

Accepted Answer

A: Language is a structured system of symbols used to communicate, while communication refers to the broader act of exchanging information, which can happen without language (e.g., gestures, facial expressions).

Question 9

Terms
Q: What is a "register" in language?

Accepted Answer

A: Register refers to variations in language based on whom we are talking with and in what setting. It can indicate different intentions of the speaker.

Question 10

Terms
Q: What is syntax?

Accepted Answer

A: Syntax refers to the rules that govern how we organize words into sentences.

Question 11

Terms
Q: How does English syntax structure sentences?

Accepted Answer

A: English syntax uses word order to structure sentences, highlighting relationships between words and providing context for how they should be understood.

Question 12

Terms
Q: What is pragmatics in language?

Accepted Answer

A: Pragmatics refers to a person’s ability to use language for different functions, such as interacting with others, and the rules for using language in various social situations.

Question 13

Terms
Q: What does "form" refer to in language?

Accepted Answer

A: Form refers to the grammatical structure of a language.

Question 14

Terms
Q: How does ASL morphology differ from English morphology?

Accepted Answer

A: ASL has more complex morphology than English, with verbs in ASL agreeing with the subject or object through changes in movement. English morphology shows concepts like tense or plural by adding suffixes or prefixes.

Question 15

Terms
Q: What is phonology?

Accepted Answer

A: Phonology refers to the study of speech sounds or the individual parts of a sign in sign languages.

Question 16

Terms
Q: What is modality in language?

Accepted Answer

A: Modality refers to whether a language is spoken, written, or signed.

Question 17

Terms
Q: What is prosody, and how does it differ in spoken and signed languages?

Accepted Answer

A: Prosody refers to how a language uses stress and intonation in speech. In signed languages, prosody involves facial expressions, rhythm of signing, and body movement to indicate sentence boundaries and shifts in discourse.

Question 18

Terms
Q: What are classifiers in ASL?

Accepted Answer

A: Classifiers are grammatical structures that provide information about how things look, how they are manipulated, and how people or objects move through space.

Question 19

Terms
Q: What are iconic signs in ASL?

Accepted Answer

A: Iconic signs are signs that resemble the objects or concepts they represent.

Question 20

Terms
Q: What are arbitrary signs in ASL?

Accepted Answer

A: Arbitrary signs are signs that have no direct visual connection to the objects or concepts they represent, chosen without specific reasoning.

Question 21

Terms
Q: What is metalinguistic knowledge of language?

Accepted Answer

A: Metalinguistic knowledge refers to the ability to think about and discuss language, often taught in schools to develop awareness of how a language works.

Question 22

Signed Languages
Q: What are signed languages, and how do they develop?

Accepted Answer

A: Signed languages are natural languages that develop through use in a community, not through design or planning.

Question 23

Signed Languages
Q: How do signed languages use space?

Accepted Answer

A: Signed languages use space to show spatial relationships, like "on," "under," "between," as well as to compare and contrast concepts.

Question 24

Signed Languages
Q: How do signed languages use facial expressions?

Accepted Answer

A: Signed languages use facial expressions to convey grammatical information, such as indicating questions or sentence boundaries.

Question 25

Signed Languages
Q: What is Pidgin Sign English (PSE)?

Accepted Answer

A: Pidgin Sign English (PSE), or Contact Signing, is a form of English signing used by the Deaf community that blends elements of ASL and English.

Question 26

Fingerspelling
Q: What is fingerspelling?

Accepted Answer

A: Fingerspelling is the representation of individual English letters using hand shapes, following English spelling.

Question 27

Fingerspelling
Q: How do frequently fingerspelled words change in ASL?

Accepted Answer

A: Frequently fingerspelled words may become more sign-like in their articulation and start to resemble signs rather than individual letters.

Question 28

Fingerspelling
Q: At what age can Deaf students learn fingerspelled words?

Accepted Answer

A: Deaf students can learn fingerspelled words around the age of 2, though they may not yet understand its relationship to English spelling.

Standard 6

Linguistics

Question	Answer
Language Function Q: What does it mean that languages are productive?	A: Languages are productive, meaning that users can create an infinite number of new sentences. Students can produce sentences they have never seen or heard before.
Language Function Q: What do language users in a community share?	A: A community of language users shares a common set of rules.
Language Function Q: How do languages vary geographically?	A: Languages vary geographically, meaning that different regions or populations may use different dialects or variations of the same language.
Language Function Q: What are the three major dimensions of language?	A: The three major dimensions of language are form, function, and use.
Language Function Q: What are the two levels of structure in language?	A: Language has structure at the sentence level and at the discourse level, with rules for use at each structure.
Language Function Q: How do the meanings of words in language change?	A: Words in language often have multiple meanings, which are best learned in the context of discourse. Their meanings can change depending on the sentence and discourse context.
Language Function Q: What is the difference between language and speech?	A: Language is a system of communication using rules and symbols, whereas speech refers to the act of speaking and producing sounds.
Language Function Q: What is the difference between language and communication?	A: Language is a structured system of symbols used to communicate, while communication refers to the broader act of exchanging information, which can happen without language (e.g., gestures, facial expressions).
Terms Q: What is a "register" in language?	A: Register refers to variations in language based on whom we are talking with and in what setting. It can indicate different intentions of the speaker.
Terms Q: What is syntax?	A: Syntax refers to the rules that govern how we organize words into sentences.
Terms Q: How does English syntax structure sentences?	A: English syntax uses word order to structure sentences, highlighting relationships between words and providing context for how they should be understood.
Terms Q: What is pragmatics in language?	A: Pragmatics refers to a person’s ability to use language for different functions, such as interacting with others, and the rules for using language in various social situations.
Terms Q: What does "form" refer to in language?	A: Form refers to the grammatical structure of a language.
Terms Q: How does ASL morphology differ from English morphology?	A: ASL has more complex morphology than English, with verbs in ASL agreeing with the subject or object through changes in movement. English morphology shows concepts like tense or plural by adding suffixes or prefixes.
Terms Q: What is phonology?	A: Phonology refers to the study of speech sounds or the individual parts of a sign in sign languages.
Terms Q: What is modality in language?	A: Modality refers to whether a language is spoken, written, or signed.
Terms Q: What is prosody, and how does it differ in spoken and signed languages?	A: Prosody refers to how a language uses stress and intonation in speech. In signed languages, prosody involves facial expressions, rhythm of signing, and body movement to indicate sentence boundaries and shifts in discourse.
Terms Q: What are classifiers in ASL?	A: Classifiers are grammatical structures that provide information about how things look, how they are manipulated, and how people or objects move through space.
Terms Q: What are iconic signs in ASL?	A: Iconic signs are signs that resemble the objects or concepts they represent.
Terms Q: What are arbitrary signs in ASL?	A: Arbitrary signs are signs that have no direct visual connection to the objects or concepts they represent, chosen without specific reasoning.
Terms Q: What is metalinguistic knowledge of language?	A: Metalinguistic knowledge refers to the ability to think about and discuss language, often taught in schools to develop awareness of how a language works.
Signed Languages Q: What are signed languages, and how do they develop?	A: Signed languages are natural languages that develop through use in a community, not through design or planning.
Signed Languages Q: How do signed languages use space?	A: Signed languages use space to show spatial relationships, like "on," "under," "between," as well as to compare and contrast concepts.
Signed Languages Q: How do signed languages use facial expressions?	A: Signed languages use facial expressions to convey grammatical information, such as indicating questions or sentence boundaries.
Signed Languages Q: What is Pidgin Sign English (PSE)?	A: Pidgin Sign English (PSE), or Contact Signing, is a form of English signing used by the Deaf community that blends elements of ASL and English.
Fingerspelling Q: What is fingerspelling?	A: Fingerspelling is the representation of individual English letters using hand shapes, following English spelling.
Fingerspelling Q: How do frequently fingerspelled words change in ASL?	A: Frequently fingerspelled words may become more sign-like in their articulation and start to resemble signs rather than individual letters.
Fingerspelling Q: At what age can Deaf students learn fingerspelled words?	A: Deaf students can learn fingerspelled words around the age of 2, though they may not yet understand its relationship to English spelling.

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