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NIC Knowledge
Glossary Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abstract Classifiers | Classifiers that are smaller than life-size, the shape and movement of which does not necessarily have iconic features. |
| Abstract Language | Generic and lacking in specificity. |
| Accessibility | Modification to building design, program delivery, or forms of communication which will allow Deaf and disabled individuals to gain access to services provided by an institution or agency. |
| Adventitious Deafness | To become deaf at some point after birth. |
| Affect | Refers to emotions or feelings. |
| A-Language or L1 | One's first language, usually the language your parents speak although this is not always the case, also known as mother tongue or native language. |
| Ambivalence | Having both negative and positive feelings about something; common reaction of members of the oppressed group who have both positive and negative feelings about themselves and the minority group they are affiliated with. |
| Anglicized ASL | A form of signing which blends ASL with English-based signs; a contact variety more closely affiliated with ASL than English |
| Anglophone | A person who uses English-based communication, as compared to French-based communication (common term in Canada for English-speaking people) |
| Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC) | The national professional association and certifying body of sign language interpreters in Canada. |
| Audism | An attitude based on pathological thinking that results in a negative stigma toward anyone who does not hear; like racism or sexism. |
| Auditory Feedback Loop | The channel through which hearing people hear (and monitor) their own voice as they speak (alternate term: back-channel feedback) |
| Aural-Oral Languages | Languages based on a structured set of linguistic rules in which the communication is based on sound; spoken languages throughout the world fall into this category. |
| Benefactors Are Perfect | An idea frequently held by members of marginalized groups that members of the oppressor group are somehow super-beings; also refered to as "magical thinking." |
| Bicultural | Refers to an individual who has knowledge about two cultures, and who has developed socially appropriate behaviors necessary to fit in each of the two cultures. |
| Bilingual-Bicultural (Bi-Bi) Philosophy of Interpreatation | Based on the belief that effective interpretation required cultural and linguistic mediation in order to accomplish speaker goals and maintain dynamic equivalence. |
| Bilingual-Bicultural Education | An approach which stresses ASL as the instructional language for all subjects except English, with an ultimate goal of developing competency in both English and ASL |
| B-Language or L2 | Refers to one's second language, one acquired by living in a country where that language is spoken, by interacting frequently with people using that language or by studying the language formally. |
| Certificate of Interpretation (COI) | Awarded by the Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC) to individuals who successfully complete both a knowledge and skills assessment. |
| Certified Deaf Interpreter (CDI) | A deaf interpreter who has taken and passed the RID certification for Deaf Interpreters |
| C-Language | A language one can "manage" to comprehend what is spoken/signed, however the individual speaks/signs with a heavy accent, improper grammatical structure and frequent semantic errors. |
| Classifiers | A specific set of signs that serve several functions in ASL. Some are iconic (look somewhat like the object), others are arbitrary (no obvious reason for that sign or handshape). Generally cannot be used until the noun it is representing has been signed. |
| Clients | Term used to refer to those for whom sign language interpreters work. Includes both Deaf and hearing consumers. |
| Cloze Skills (Closure) | The ability to mentally fill-in-the blanks when part of an utterance is obscured or when the receiver does not understand a term of phrase. |
| Code of Ethics | Set of guidelines that require an individual to develop effective decision making skills, a clear sense of his/her own beliefs and values. |
| Code Switching | The conscious or unconscious movement from ASL into English-like signing or from English-like signing to ASL. |
| Communication Dynamics | The way people in a communication interaction react to or engage with one another and to the overall interaction. |
| Communication Facilitation Philosophy | Set of beliefs regarding Deaf individuals, ASL, and communication dynamics that influences the way a person views his/her role and work as an interpreter. Belief of Deaf as handicapped, ASL as a means of communicating with less educated individuals |
| Communication | Continuous, transactional process involving two or more people who occupy different but overlapping environments as they seeks to share information or ideas |
| Conceptually Accurate Signed English (CASE) or Signed English (SE) | A manual code for English which combines English grammatical order with ASL signs and some invented initialized signs; choices of signs based on the intended concept or idea of the speaker. |
| Conduit or Machine Philosophy | A set of beliefs influences the way a person views his/her role as an interpreter. Belief of Deaf a handicapped and needing to learn to take care of the themselves; interpreter having no responsibility for the interactions/communication dynamics. |
| Conference of Interpreter Trainers (CIT) | American organization of educators who teach interpretation. Membership is international. |
| Congenital Deafness | Be born deaf or hard-of-hearing |
| Consultative | Register- one of the individuals involved in the interchange has "expert" status or an enhanced command of the topic at hand. |
Created by:
erust
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