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anat-integ. sys
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What layer of the skin is the epidermis? | top layer |
| What layer of the skin is the dermis? | middle layer |
| What layer of the skin is the hypodermis? | bottom layer |
| What type of tissue is the epidermis made of? | stratified squamous epithelium tissue |
| What type of tissue is the dermis made of? | muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective |
| What type of tissue is the hypodermis made of? | connective (adipose) tissue |
| function of epidermis | protection |
| function of dermis | nerve endings, protection, secretion |
| function of hypodermis | protection, cushioning, insulation |
| How is arrector pili related to homeostasis? | effector-smooth muscle cells that cause hair to stand up |
| What are UVA rays? | rays not absorbed by ozone layer |
| What are UVB rays? | rays that reach the skin's surface |
| What are UVC rays? | rays that are absorbed by the ozone layer |
| Which rays are the primary cause of sunburns & skin cancer (most dangerous)? | UVB |
| Which rays cause premature aging and skin cancer? | UVA |
| What does SPF rating refer to? | the ability of sunscreen to block UV-B radiation |
| What sunscreen SPF do experts recommend? | 30 SPF |
| What is skin cancer? | the abnormal growth of epithelial cells |
| Where is squamous cell carcinoma located? | in the epidermis |
| Where is basal cell carcinoma located? | in the epidermis |
| What is the purpose of epidermal ridges? | increases surface area between epidermis and dermis, makes connection stronger between the two, & provides more nutrient storage. more surface area=more strength=more space for nutrients |
| Where can melanomas be located? | all the way down to the hypodermis |
| What does squamous cell carcinoma look like? | a red, scaly bump or nodule |
| What does basal cell carcinoma look like? | a shiny, waxy bump or nodule |
| What do melanomas look like? | a large brown spot with asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, and diameter larger than 6 mm |
| Where are squamous cell carcinomas often located? | on the face |
| Where are basal cell carcinomas often located? | high sun-exposure areas of the body |
| Where are melanomas often located? | on the head, neck, or trunk |
| What are skin burns? | tissue damage and cell death |
| What are burns caused by? | heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals |
| What do burns lead to? | loss of fluids, invasion of bacteria, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and/or circulatory shock |
| What is damaged with a first-degree burn? | the epidermis |
| What is damaged with a second-degree burn? | the epidermis and dermis |
| What is damaged with a third-degree burn? | the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis; all nerves and blood vessels |
| What do first-degree burns look like? | red and swollen skin |
| What do second-degree burns look like? | red and blistered skin |
| What do third-degree burns look like? | gray-white or black |
| What are the effects of aging? | increased injury & infection, weaker bones, more sensitive skin, and thinner hair, dry, saggy, and wrinkly skin |
| What do melanocytes do? | produce melanin and eumelanin |
| Why are skin colors different? | melanin and eumelanin are produced at different rates and concentrations. |
| What is the lowest part of the epidermis? | stratum basale |
| Where are melanocytes contained | stratum basale |
| What do melanocytes help to protect the skin from? | UV damage |
| What cancer is the most dangerous? | UVA-year round damage, sunburns and aging |
Created by:
princess875
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