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MHSGovt
Introduction to Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Government | The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies |
| Democracies (Republics) | A type of government where the citizens hold power |
| Pure (direct) democracy | A type of democracy where the people create laws and rule the country themselves |
| Representative (indirect) democracy | A type of democracy the people elect representatives to rule where citizens exercise power through voting |
| Town Meeting | An example of direct democracy used in small New England towns |
| Monarchies | One person (a king or queen)holds power they inherited |
| Absolute monarchy | the ruling monarch has total power |
| Constitutional monarchy | the ruling monarch is a ceremonial head of state, whose power is limited by law |
| Dictatorships | Unlimited power is held by one person (autocracy) or a small group (oligarchy) that takes power |
| Authoritarian dictatorship | the ruler answers only to himself |
| Totalitarian dictatorship | the ruler controls all aspects of citizens’ lives |
| Autocracy | “rule by one” dictatorship |
| Oligarchy | “rule byfew" dictatorship |
| Unitary System | Power is centralized within the national (central) government |
| Confederal System | Power is held within state or regional governments |
| Federal System | Power is shared between national, state, and local governments |
| Economy | The means by which a country produces, distributes, and trades goods and services |
| Traditional Economy | Economic activities are based on cultural customs, beliefs, and historical precedent |
| Command (Communist) Economy | All economic decisions are made by the government |
| Free Market (Capitalist) Economy | Economic decisions are made by supply and demand |
| Mixed Economy | Economic decisions are made by supply/demand and the government |
| Most common economic type in the world today | Mixed Economy - including the USA |
| Individual Freedom | All are born free and independent |
| Individual Worth and Dignity | All are entitled to life, liberty, and due process under the law |
| Equality | All are entitled to equal rights and treatment under the law |
| Majority Rule | The will of the people is expressed through voting and electionsd determines public policies |
| Minority Rights | The few are protected from the oppression of the many |
| Compromise | Public decision making must be a matter of give |
| Citizenship | A citizen is one who holds both rights and responsibilities in a state civic responsibilities |
| Naturalization | The process where Noncitizens may become U.S. citizens |
| Government | The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies |
| Democracies (Republics) | A type of government where the citizens hold power |
| Pure (direct) democracy | A type of democarcy where the people create laws and rule the country themselves |
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MHSGov
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