Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Terminology
Anatomy of the Speech and Hearing Mechanism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Midsagittal Plane | more specific term to describe a sagittal cut resulting in a relatively equivalent left and right portions |
| Sagittal Plane | vertical plane separating left and right sides (mid and para) |
| Coronal Plane | (frontal plane) vertical plane separating front and back portions of the body/parts |
| Anatomical Position | - standing with eyes facing forward - arms down by the side - palms of the hands facing forward to the front - toes facing forward |
| Pathology | study of the nature of diseases and of the structural and functional changes imposed upon the organism as a result. |
| Physiology | study of the functions of living organisms and their parts |
| Biology | study of living organisms |
| Anatomy | study of the structure and organization of living organisms |
| Parasagittal Plane | more specific term to describe a sagittal cut without equivalent left and right portions |
| Transverse Plane | (horizontal plane) horizontal plane separating top and bottom halves of body/parts |
| Superior | above |
| Inferior | below |
| Anterior | toward front |
| Posterior | toward back |
| Proximal | toward center of body/point of origin |
| Distal | away from the center of body/point of origin |
| Superficial | located closer to surface of body |
| Deep | located further from surface of body |
| Caudal | closer to tail |
| Rostral | (cranial) closer to head |
| Dorsal | pertaining to the back |
| Ventral | pertaining to the front or belly |
| Lateral | to the side or farther from midsagittal plane |
| Medial | toward the middle/center or closer to midsagittal plane |
| Peripheral | pertaining to periphery or composing secondary part |
| Central | pertaining to center or composing primary part |
| External | situated outside |
| Internal | situated inside |
| Extrinsic | external, coming from outside |
| Intrinsic | internal, completely within |
| Prone | body lying face down |
| Supine | body lying face up |
| Contra- | referring to opposite side |
| Ipsi- | referring to same side |
| Infra- | below |
| Supra- | above |
| Extra- | outside |
| Intra- | inside |
| Ecto- | outer |
| Endo- | inner |
| Pre- | before |
| Post- | after/behind |
| Macro- | large |
| Micro- | small |
| Intra- | within |
| Inter- | between |
| Sub- | under |
| Super- | above |
| A- | non/without |
| Ab- | from/off/away from midline |
| Ad- | to/toward |
| Apex- | summit/top |
| Di- | two/twice |
| Uni- | one/single |
| Bi- | two/double |
| Dys- | bad/difficulty |
| Hemi- | half |
| Homo- | same |
| Hetero- | other |
| Hyper- | excess |
| Hypo- | under/less |
| Myo- | muscle |
| Para- | beside |
| Peri- | around |
| Os- | pertaining to bone |
| Poly- | many |
| -arthria | articulation |
| -ectomy | removal of a structure |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -kinesia | pertaining to motion or movement |
| -phagia | eating |
| -phonia | pertaining to voice |
| -pnea | pertaining to respiration (breathing) |
| -sclerosis | hardening of a structure |
| -scopy | viewing (usually by means of an instrument) |
| -tonia | pertaining to muscle tone |
| -mysium | pertaining to muscle |
| -osteum | pertaining to bone |
| Edema | excess fluid/swelling |
| Mastication | process of chewing |
| Abduction | separation of two structures |
| Adduction | bringing together of two structures |
| Deglutition | swallowing |
| Extension | stretching out |
| Flexion | bending |
| Tensor | process of tensing a structure |
| Levator | process of raising a structure |
| Oblique | situated in slanting or diagonal direction |
| Crest | (elevation) narrow ridge of bone |
| Process | (elevation) general term for bony prominence |
| Condyle | (elevation) rounded or knucklelike eminence that articulates with another bone |
| Tubercle | (elevation) small rounded projection |
| Head | (elevation) enlargement at one end of a bone beyond constricted portion |
| Tuberosity | (elevation) large round projection |
| Spine | (elevation) sharp projection |
| Trochanter | (elevation) very large bony projection |
| Fissure | (depression) deep groove |
| Sinus | (depression) cavity within a bone |
| Foramen | (depression) opening or perforation in bone or cartilage |
| Neck | (depression) constriction near one end of a bone |
| Fossa | (depression) hollow or shallow depression |
| Sulcus | (depression) groove |
| Meatus | (depression) tube-like passageway |
| Fovea | (depression) small pit-like depression |
| Myofibril | muscle filament contained in muscle fiber (contain sarcomeres) (cell of muscle fiber) |
| Sarcomere | smallest functional unit of a striated/skeletal muscle fiber most basic units of myofibrils ("organelle in cell") |
| Sarcolemma | delicate elastic membrane which surrounds every striated muscle fiber ("cell wall/skin") |
| Sarcoplasm | specialized plasm where myofibrils are embedded ("cytoplasm") |
| Myoglobin | protein which increases diffusion of oxygen into muscle fibers and contributes to their color |
| Perimysium | sheath of fibrous connective tissue surrounding each fasciculus separating groups of muscle fibers ("small hose/tube") |
| Epimysium | connective tissue surrounding group of fasciculi ("medium hose/tube") |
| Fascia | sheet of dense connective tissue which encloses muscles and groups of muscles ("large hose/tube") |
| Synarthrodial | immovable joints |
| Amphiarthrodial | joints that yield slight movement (cartilaginous) |
| Diarthrodial | freely moving joints (synovial-6 types) |
| Joints | bones join other bones at joints as do some cartilages, ligaments hold joints together |
| Periosteum | fibrous membrane surrounding the outer surface of bone (around bone) |
| Perichondrium | fibrous membrane surrounding the outer surface of cartilage (around cartilage) |
| Isometric | muscle tenses but doesn't shorten, creates force but not movement |
| Isotonic | muscle shortens but tension remains constant, muscle only shortens with isotonic contraction |
| Postural Muscle Tone | steady contraction of muscles that are necessary to hold different parts of the skeleton in proper relation to the various and constantly changing attitudes and postures of the body |
| Hypertonicity | too much muscle tone |
| Hypotonicity | lack of or diminished muscle tone |
| Parallel Muscle Architecture | fasciculi are parallel to the long axis of the muscle |
| Radiating Muscle Architecture | fasciculi converge from a broad surface to a narrow point |
| Penniform/Pennate Muscle Architecture | fasciculi converge obliquely along the length of the tendon (lesser range of motion, but greater power) |
| Origin and Insertion | -attachment which is usually fixed or engages in the lesser movement -structure acted upon |
| Geometric Names | name is based on the shape of the muscle |
| General Form | muscle name is based on appearance |
| Location | where the muscle is located in the body |
| Descriptive Terms | based on descriptive terms ie. major, minor, external, internal (usually paired muscles) |
| Number of Heads at Origin | number of connection points at the origin of the muscle |
| Function | what the muscle does |
| Greater Force Created | when muscle is at resting length, if a muscle has too much tension or is relaxed too much it doesn't work as well |
| Fasciculus | bundle of muscle fibers |
Created by:
anastazia4
Popular Anatomy sets