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2A Cells and Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the main ideas of the cell theory | All living things are the product of cells. Cells come from cells Cells perform the functions of living things. |
| A cell with a nucleus | Eukaryotic cell |
| Cells without a nucleus | Prokaryotic cell |
| A group of similar sales that work together to perform a certain job | Tissue |
| A group of tissues together | Organ |
| Arrange from lowest to highest level of organization tissue, organ, cell | Cell tissues organs |
| Surround some bacteria and protect it from harmful substances | Capsule |
| Inside of the cell material, excluding the nucleus | Cytoplasm |
| Molecule that contains important information and proteins | DNA |
| Structure that contains a cells DNA | Chromosomes |
| Structure that holds and protects the DNA in a eukaryotic cell | Nucleus |
| Network of tubes and a eukaryotic cell that help produce | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Surrounds the sale and decide what what comes in and out | Cell membrane |
| Surrounds all cells and controls what comes in and out | Cell wall |
| Whip like structure that prokaryotic cells use to propel | Flagellum |
| Structure that hole and protects the DNA in a eukaryotic cell | Nucleus |
| Network of tubes in eukaryotic cells that help produce | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Organelle in the eukaryotic cells that modifies many proteins and packages | Golgi apparatus |
| Small structure that assembles proteins | Ribosomes |
| Several tubes of long thin fibers anchored to various parts of the cell | Cytoskeleton |
| The breakdown of old cell structures | Lysosomes |
| Makes most of the cells ATP Molecule that provides energy | Mitochondria |
| The cell membrane allows some substances to pass through, but keeps others out -Oxygen can pass through -glucose can pass by means of special proteins -Whole proteins cannot pass | Selectively permeable |
| The densely packed area in the cytoplasm | Concentration gradient |
| Movement from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration | Diffusion |
| Movement of water from high concentration area to low concentration area | Osmosis |
| Osmosis and diffusion happen without any cell work | Passive transport |
| When the Cell has to work to move something through a membrane | Active transport |
| What what two movements happen without any cell work | Osmosis and diffusion |
| Organisms that produce their own food | Producers |
| Process that plants used to turn carbon dioxide into glucose(sugars) | Photosynthesis |
| Molecule made of carbon oxygen and hydrogen | Carbohydrates |
| 1-sunlight enters the chloroplast and is absorbed by the green pigment chlorophyll 2-Chlorophyll uses the energy from the sun to split water into protons electrons and oxygen 3-protons and electrons enter the light-independent stage 4-electrons and proton | What are the steps of photosynthesis? |
| The process in organisms of breaking down molecules to produce ATP | Cellular respiration |
| The molecule used to power mini processes in the cell that needs chemical energy | ATP |
| Prokaryotic cells perform cellular respiration in the side of plasm instead of the mitochondria | Bacteria cellular respiration |
| What are the steps of cellular respiration? | Step 1-Glucose arrives in the cytoplasm and is broken down. This is an anaerobic process since it does not use oxygen. Step 2-fragments are carried into the mitochondria where they are used along with oxygen to produce ATP |
| Process that the cell uses to eliminate glucose fragments, leftover fragments are turned into alcohol and carbon dioxide (Bread making) | Fermentation |
Created by:
SCool Crew
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