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Chapter 5
Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| achalasia | failure of lower esophagus sphincter |
| anal fistula | abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus |
| anorexia | lack of appetite |
| ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| borborygmus | gas |
| cholelithiasis | gallstones in the gallbladder |
| cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver |
| colonic polyps | polyps (benign growths) of the colon |
| colorectal cancert | adenocarcinoma of the colon/rectum |
| constipation | difficulty pasing stool |
| crohn disease | chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract |
| diarrhea | loose watery stool |
| diverticulosis | pouch-like herniations in the intestinal wall |
| dysentery | painful, inflamed intestines caused by bacterial infection |
| dysphagia | difficulty swalling |
| eructation | belching |
| esophageal cancer | malignant tumor of the esophagus |
| esophageal varices | swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
| flatus | gas out the anus |
| gallbaldder | the organ that stores bile |
| gastric cancer | malignant tumor of the stomach |
| gastroesophageal reflux | heartburn,fluids return to mouth from stomach |
| hematochezia | bright red blood fromt he rectum |
| hemorrhoids | swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region |
| hernia | protrusion of an organ |
| ileus | loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines |
| intussusception | telescoping of the intestines |
| irritable bowel syndrome | gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension |
| jaundice | yellow-orange color of skin & eyes |
| liver | produces bile |
| melena | black stool containing old blood |
| nausea | sickness in stomach tendency to vomit |
| pancreas | endocrine gland releases insulin into the blood and exocrine gland releases digestive enzymes |
| pancreatic cancer | malignant tumor of the pancreas |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| peptic ulcer | open sore in lining of the stomach |
| peristalsis | rhythmic muscular contractions that squeeze food through the esophagus into the stomach |
| sphincter | ring of muscle |
| steatorrhea | fat in stook, frothy, foul-smell |
| ulcerative colitis | chronic inflammation of the colon wth presence of ulcers |
| viral hepatitis | inflammation of the liver caused by a virus |
| volvulus | twisting of the intestine |