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Unit 1 Colonies Voc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives |
| Spain | Catholic nation, colonized the Americas for gold and to convert Natives to Christianity |
| France | country in Europe that colonized Canada and the Mississippi River Valley |
| Spain | country in Europe that founded Colonies in South America, Mexico, and the Southwest |
| Jamestown | the first successful and permanent English colony in North America |
| Joint Stock company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony |
| John smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
| Powhatan | group of Native Americans that helped, and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
| Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown made it successful. |
| Indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom, and land at the end of their contract. |
| House of Burgesses | first representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony |
| Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off the debts |
| debtor | a person that owes money to another |
| James Oglethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
| cash crops | crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
| middle passage | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas. |
| Overt | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners. |
| Passive | ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illness |
| separatists | Also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the church of England. |
| Plymouth | name of the colony that the separatists established for religious freedom. |
| Mayflower Compact | government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony. |
| Squanto | Native American that helped Pilgrims by showing then how to grow food using fish as a technique |
| John Rolfe | A person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful. |
| Puritans | religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
| Massachusetts bay | the name of the colony the puritans established. |
| John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans. |
| WiIliam Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the pilgrims. |
| City on a hill | The name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work. |
| Thomas Hooker | founder of the Connecticut Colony |
| Roger Williams | founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with the Native Americans. |
| Rhode Island | the first colony that established religious freedom. |
| Anne Hutchinson | women that challenged that leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
| Theocracy | type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
| Salem Witch Trials | Hysteria that led to dozens of people being accused of a crime withe no evidence. |
| Triangular Trade | a network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves. |
| Mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
| Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited |
| New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
| Peter Stuyvesant | Dutch governor of New Netherland that handed it over to the English without battle |
| Quakers | religious group that settled Pennsylvania |
| Quakers | beloved in equality between men and women, slavery was evil, and thy could experience God through an "Inner Light" |
| William Penn | Leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
| First Great Awakening | religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700s |
| First Great Awakening | Revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
| George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
| Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God |
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sensoand000
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