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chabner chp.21
review of chapter 21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aer/o | air |
| alges/o | sensitivity to pain |
| bronch/o | bronchial tube |
| chem/o | drug |
| cras/o | mixture |
| cutane/o | skin |
| derm/o | skin |
| erg/o | work |
| esthes/o | feeling, sensation |
| hist/o | tissue |
| hypn/o | sleep |
| iatr/o | treamtment |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| myc/o | mold,fungus |
| narc/o | stupor |
| or/o | mouth |
| pharmac/o | drug |
| prurit/o | itching |
| pyret/o | fever |
| thec/o | sheath |
| tox/o | poison |
| toxic/o | poison |
| vas/o | vessel |
| ven/o | vein |
| vit/o | life |
| ana- | upward,excessive,again |
| anti- | against |
| contra- | against, opposite |
| par- | other than, apart from |
| syn- | together,with |
| addiction | physical or psychological dependence on a drug |
| addictive action | drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is eqaul to the sum of the effects of each |
| aerosol | particles of drugs in the air |
| anaphysis | hypersensitivity reaction to a foreign drug |
| antagonistic action | combination of two drugs gives less than an addictive effect |
| brand name | commercial name for a drug;trademark |
| antidote | agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug |
| chemical name | chemical formula for a drug |
| contraindications | factors in a patients conditions that prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment |
| Food & Drug Administration (FDA) | gov agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use |
| generic name | legal noncommercial name for a drug |
| iatrogenic | condition caused by treatment given by medical personnel |
| idiosyncrasy | unexpected effect produced in particularly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients |
| inhalation | administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth |
| medicinal chemistry | study of new drugs synthesis;relationship between chemical structure and biological effects |
| molecular pharmacology | study of interaction of drug and subcellular entities such as DNA, RNA and enzyme |
| oral administration | drugs are given by mouth |
| parenteral administration | drugs are given by injection into the skin muscles or veins |
| pharmacist | prepares and dispenses drugs |
| pharmacy | location for preparing drugs |
| pharmadynamics | study of effects of a drug withiin the body |
| pharmacokinetics | calculation of drug concentration in tissues and blood over a period of time |
| pharmacologist | specialist in the properties,uses, and actions of drugs |
| pharmacology | study of the preparation,properties,uses and action of drugs |
| Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) | reference book that list drug products |
| receptor | target substance with which a drug interacts in the body |
| rectal administration | drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum |
| side effect | toxic effect that routinely results from the use of a drug |
| sublingual administration | drugs are given by placement under the tongue |
| synergism | combination of two drugs causes diseases an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone |
| syringe | instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body |
| tolerance | larger and larger drug doses must be given to achieve the desired effect |
| topical application | drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body |
| toxicity | harmful effects of a drug |
| toxicology | study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body |
| transport | movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells |
| United States Pharmacopeia (U.S.P) | list of drugs,formulas, and preparations that sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing |
| vitamin | substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good terms |
| ACE inhibitor | Lowers blood pressure |
| amphetime | central nervous system stimulant |
| analgesic | relieves pain |
| androgen | male hormone |
| anesthetic | reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local |
| angiotensin II receptor antagonist | lowers blood pressure by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels |
| antacid | neutralizes acid in the stomach |
| antiandrogen | slows the uptake of androgens or interfers with their binding in tissues |
| antiarrhythmic | treats abnormal heart rhythms |
| antibiotic | chemical substance that inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body |
| anticoagulant | prevents blood clotting |
| anticonvulsant | prevents convulsions (abnormal brain activity) |
| antidepressant | relieves symptoms of depression |
| antidiabetic | drug given to prevent or alleviate diabetes mellitus |
| antidiarrheal | prevents diarrhea |
| antiemetic | prevents nausea and vomitting |
| antihistamine | blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy |
| antinauseant | relieves nausea and vomitting antiemetic |
| antiplatelet | reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together |
| antiulcer | inhibits the secretion of acid by cells of the lining of the stomach |
| antiviral | acts against viruses such as herpesvirus and HIV |
| aromatase inhibitor | reduces the amount of estrogen in the blood |
| bactericidal | kills bacteria |
| bacteriostatic | inhibits bacterial growth |
| beta-blocker | blocks action of epinephrine at sites on receptors of heart muscles |
| bisphosphonate | prevents bone loss in osteoporosis |
| caffeine | central nervous system in stimulate |
| calcium antagonist | blocks the entrance of calcium into heart muscle and muscle lining of blood vessels |
| cardiovascular | acts on the heart and blood vessels |
| cathartic | relieves constipation |
| diuretic | increase production of urine |
| emetic | promotes vomitting |
| endocrine | a hormone or hormone-like drug |
| estrogen | female hormone responsible for secondary sex characteristics |
| gastrointestinal | relieves symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract |
| glucocorticoid | hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces inflammation |
| hypnotic | produces sleep |
| laxative | weak cathartic |
| narcotic | habit forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor or insensibility |
| progestin | female hormone that affects the lining of the uterus during pregnancy |
| purgative | strong cathartic |
| respiratory | treats asthma,emphysema,and infections of the respiratory system |
| sedative | mildy hypnotic drug that relieves without necessarily producing sleep |
| SERM | selective estrogen modulator with estrogen-like effect on bones and fat metabolism |
| stimulant | excites and promotes activity |
| thyroid hormone | stimulates cellular metabolism |
| tranquilizer | controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior |
Created by:
ladyvicious
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