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Review questions for test 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in pennate muscle? | The fascicles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon that runs the length of a muscle. |
| What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle? | The total number of muscle cells available for contraction. |
| When the term biceps, triceps or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle? | The muscle has 2,3, or 4 origins, respectively. |
| A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) _____________. | Synergist |
| What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts? | Synergist |
| Which is these is not a way of classifying muscles? | muscle location |
| In a pennate muscle pattern ________________________. | muscles look like a feather |
| Match the term with the definition. The neuron cannot respond to a second stimulus, no matter how strong. | absolute refractory period |
| Match the term with the definition. The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions. | depolarization |
| Match the term with the definition. The specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permerability. | repolarization |
| Match the term with the definition. Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by axons. | action potential |
| Match the term with the definition. An exceptionally strong stimulus can trigger a response. | relative refractory period |
| Match the term with the description. Increase acid secretion in the stomach; blocked by cimetidine. | histamine |
| Match the term with the description. "feel good" neurotransmitter | norepinephrine |
| Match the term with the description. Mediates pain. | substance P |
| Match the term with the description. Principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the spinal cord. | glycine |
| Match the term with the description. Natural opiates that inhibit pain; effect mimicked by morphine. | endorphins |
| Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? | provide the defense for the CNS |
| What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? | Ependymal cells |
| Which of the following describes the nervous system integrative function? | analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions |
| Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons? | they are mitotic |
| An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the _____________. | synapse |
| What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? | destroy ACh a brief period after its release by axon endings |
| A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ________________. | the membrane potential has been reestablished |
| Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? | innervation of skeletal muscle |
| The term central nervous system refers to the _________________. | brain and spinal cord |
| Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________________. | the myelin sheath |
| Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters? | nucleic acid |
| Ependymal cells _________________. | are the most numerous of the nueroglia. |
| Schwann cells are functionally similar to __________. | oligodendrocytes |
| Match the term with the description. A major relay station for sensory information ascending to primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex. Contains many specialized nuclei. | Thalamus |
| Match the term with the description. This brain area associates experiences necessary for the production of abstract ideas, judgment, and conscience. | Prefrontal area |
| Match the term with the description. The axons from this area from the major pyramidal tracts. | Primary motor cortex |
| Match the term with the description. This area is the main visceral control center of the body. | Hypothalamus |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. The stage when vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature) reach their lowest normal levels. | Stage 4 |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Indicated by movement of the eyes under the lids, dreaming occurs. | REM |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Theta and delta waves begin to appear. | Stage 3 |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Very easy to awaken; EEG shows alpha waves; may even deny being asleep. | Stage 1 |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Typified by sleep spindles. | Stage 2 |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Begins about 90 minutes after the onset of sleep. | REM |
| Match the following steps of sleep with their descriptions. Necessary for emotional health; may be neurtal "debugging." | REM |
| Match the term with the description. Gateway to the cerebrum. | Thalamus |
| Match the term with the description. Motor command center. | Cerebellum |
| Match the term with the description. Survival center. | Brain stem |
| Match the term with the description. Executive suite. | Cerebrum |
| Match the term with the description. Visceral command center. | Hypothalamus |
| The brain stem consists of the ________________. | midbrain, medulla, and pons |
| The primary auditory cortex is located in the _____________. | temporal lobe |
| The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? | arachnoid and pia |
| The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the _____________. | medulla |
| Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres? | longitudinal fissure |
| Which of the following best describes the cerebrum? | executive suite |
| Which of the following generalizations does not describe the cerebral cortex? | The hemispheres are exactly equal in function. |
| If the posterior portion of the neural tube failed to develop properly the _____________. | spinal cord may be affected |
| The hypothalamus _____________. | mediated sensations |
| An individual accidentally transected the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in _____________. | paraplegia |
| Spastic paralysis suggests involvement of the ________________. | upper motor neurons |
| Broca's area _____________________. | is considered a motor speech area |
| Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall and personality? | prefrontal cortex |
| The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called __________. | consolidation |
| The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ____________. | reticular formation |
| Which of the following would you NOT find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? | red blood cells |
| Which of the following would you find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? | Potassium, protein and glucose |
| Which statement about coma is true? | Coma is defined as total unresponsiveness to stimuli for a long period of time |
| Tremor at rest, shuffling gait, stooped posture, and expressionless face are characteristics of __________________. | Parkinson's disease |
| Declarative memory ______________________. | is the ability to learn specific information |
| Which statement about epilepsy is most accurate? | Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma, stroke, infection, and tumor. |
| Loss of ability to preform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles, might suggest damage to the _________________. | premotor cortex |
| Which brain waves are NOT normal for awake adults but are common for children? | Theta |
| The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensations of the full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the ______________. | visceral sensory area |
| Which statement is NOT true? | Stage 4 sleep increase in old age |
Created by:
Jen2pen
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