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Russia leaders

Different leaders of the Russia/Bolsheviks and their characteristics.

TermDefinition
Tsar Nicholas: power Nicholas had emerged stronger from the 1905 revolution, by crushing opposition, and had not relinquished power after the October Manifesto. He also brutally crushed the early Dumas and later Dumas did not pose any real threat.
Tsar Nicholas: Russia in Europe Russia was still feared by European nations by 1914, who saw it as a populous and industrial power.
Tsar Nicholas: position in 1914 Nicholas was facing a general strike, although the revolutionary parties were still on the fringe by 1914, so posed no major threat. He saw a huge increase in personal standing after Russia's entry into the war.
Lenin: strengths in the party Lenin had the ability to garner support within the party and loyalty in the government, and could understand and apply Marxist theory to make communism the dominant ideology.
Lenin: strengths in objectives Lenin had a determined self-belief that allowed him to launch the revolution and crush the opposition. He was also ruthless in achieving revolutionary objectives.
Lenin: strengths in resilience Lenin saw resilience against many failures or potential failures, such as in exile, in the civil war, amidst economic collapse, in famine and with the fear of foreign invasion.
Lenin: weaknesses in ruthlessness Lenin's strengths can only be considered positives if you agree with his ideology. He disregarded human life due to the commitment to his cause, his ruthlessness led to intense suffering.
Lenin: weaknesses in politics Lenin made the Bolshevik state even more authoritarian than imperial Russia, refused to acknowledge other viewpoints (ending democracy), outlawed other parties (creating inevitable conflict) and politicised all of Russia, preventing openness.
Lenin: weakness in economics Lenin's hostility towards capitalism prevented Russia's serious economic growth, although he did recognise its positives when introducing the NEP.
Trotsky: weaknesses in history Trotsky was initially a Menshevik, and only joined the Bolsheviks to lead the Petrograd Soviet after the February revolution.
Trotsky: strengths in roles Trotsky led the Petrograd Soviet before the October revolution, and led the Military Revolutionary Committee, then becoming Commissar for Foreign Affairs after the revolution. He masterminded the Red Army victory in the civil war.
Trotsky: strengths and weaknesses in character Trotsky was charismatic and ambitious, but lacked the methodical way that Stalin produced loyalty. He was seen as overly intelligent compared to the 'down to earth' Stalin.
Stalin: strengths in his position by 1941 Stalin was officially the great leader who had fulfilled the socialist revolution begun by Lenin, purged the USSR of its traitors and enemies, turned the USSR into a modern economy and had made himself an outstanding world statesman.
Stalin: weaknesses in cruelty Stalin imposed terror as a state policy, one-party rule, a single 'correct' Stalinist ideology, a misguided belief in economic planning and a policy of forced industrialisation that prevented the USSR from developing a truly modern economy.
Stalin: strengths in cohesion with Lenin's legacy Stalin appeared as the direct successor to Lenin by suggesting he was continuing his work, including through delivering the oration at Lenin's funeral. Stalin therefore made it impossible for fellow Communists to oppose him.
Created by: Charlie_M
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